一年级儿童自我意识、自尊与一般自我效能感的关系  

Relationship among self-concept,self-esteem and general self-efficacy in first-grade children

作　　者：周倩 刘晓芹[1] 李炜达 刘晗帅 ZHOU Qian;LIU Xiao-qin;LI Wei-da;LIU Han-shuai(School of Psychology,Weifang Medical University,Weifang Shandong,261053,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院心理学院,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第10期1400-1403,1410,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨一年级儿童自我意识、自尊与一般自我效能感之间的关系。方法2019年4月,采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表、Rosenberg自尊量表、一般自我效能感量表,对潍坊市178名小学一年级儿童进行问卷调查。结果女童的自我意识总分(59.72±9.64)高于男童(55.10±11.61),差异有统计学意义(t=2.899,P<0.01)。与中国常模相比,调查对象在自我意识的行为和合群维度上差异均有统计学意义(t=2.199、2.465,均P<0.05)。自我意识与自尊、一般自我效能感之间均呈显著正相关(r=0.466、0.293、0.507,均P<0.01)。自我意识的躯体外貌与属性维度、自尊对一般自我效能感有正向预测作用(β=0.267、0.459,均P<0.01),自我意识的合群维度对一般自我效能感有负向预测作用(β=-0.165,P<0.05)。自尊作为中介变量的中介效应为0.0115,中介效应占总效应的77.70%。结论一年级儿童的自尊在自我意识和一般自我效能感之间起完全中介作用,可通过提高一年级儿童的自尊水平来避免低自我意识对一般自我效能感的不良影响。Objective To explore the relationship among self-concept,self-esteem and general self-efficacy in first-grade children.Methods In April 2019,178 first-grade primary school children in Weifang City were investigated with the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-concept Scale,Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and General Self-efficacy Scale. Results The total score of self-concept in girls(59.72±9.64) was higher than that in boys(55.10±11.61),and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.899,P<0.01).Compared with the national norms,the survey subjects had statistically significant differences in behavior and gregarious dimensions of self-concept(t=2.199,2.465,both P<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between self-concept,selfesteem and general self-efficacy(r=0.466,0.293,0.507,all P<0.01). The physical appearance and attribute dimensions of selfconcept and self-esteem had positive predictive effects on general self-efficacy(β=0.267,0.459,both P<0.01),and the gregarious dimension of self-concept has a negative predictive effect on general self-efficacy(β=-0.165,P<0.05). The mediating effect of selfesteem as a mediating variable was 0.011 5,and the mediating effect accounted for 77.70% of the total effect. Conclusion The self-esteem of first-grade children plays a completely mediating role between self-concept and general self-efficacy. The adverse effect of low self-concept on general self-efficacy can be avoided by improving the self-esteem level of first-grade children.

关 键 词：一年级儿童 自我意识 自尊 一般自我效能感 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]