基于WSR-TOPSIS的学生公寓火灾风险评价  

Fire risk assessment of student apartments based on WSR-TOPSIS

作　　者：石广斌[1] 赵浩杨 杨振宏[1] 张雯[1] SHI Guang-bin;ZHAO Hao-yang;YANG Zhen-hong;ZHANG Wen(School of Resource Engineering,Xi*an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi*an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第3期927-934,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51904220)。

摘　　要：针对学生公寓导致火灾的因素繁多且复杂的特点,为了有效预防和减少学生公寓火灾事故的发生,提出了基于WSR-TOPSIS的学生公寓火灾风险评价方法。首先,在WSR理论基础上构建学生公寓火灾风险评价体系,其次应用G1法、熵权法和方差最大化理论分别计算主观权重、客观权重和组合权重,最后使用TOPSIS法得出评价结果。将所建立的模型应用于陕西省西安市4所高校的学生公寓火灾风险评价中,得出了各评价对象的火灾风险等级和排名。研究表明,所建立的模型能够应用于学生公寓火灾风险评价中,具有可行性与合理性。The paper intends to establish a fire risk assessment model based on the WSR-TOPSIS with the purpose of assessing the fire risk level of student dormitory fire accidents likely to be caused by the various complicated factors. In order to prevent and reduce such fire accidents in the student apartments effectively,first of all,we have to establish a fire risk evaluation index system with 5 level 1 indicators and 25 level 2 indicators.The above mentioned system intends to adopt the WSR theory by defining the logical relationship among the evaluation index of level 1 along with the field survey data under the guiding principle from the relevant experts who also contribute to the establishment of the system. And,secondly,we have also turned up to the G1 method to determine the subjective weight and determine the objective weight via the entropy weight method. At the same time,we have also joined the above said 2 methods to gain the combined weights in accordance with the principle of variance maximization on account not only of the expert experience in the evaluation,but also in objective response to the internal relationship between the various indicators. And,last of all,we have calculated and worked out the space distance from each evaluation object to the positive and negative ideal solutions and their relative proximity gained with the TOPSIS method. This assessment model we have adopted can also be applied to the evaluation of the fire risks of the student apartments in the following 4 universities A,B,C,and D in Xi’an,Shaanxi. The relative proximity of the 4 above mentioned universities has been worked out and determined the trends to be equal to 0. 648 0,0. 530 9,0. 444 8,0. 701 0,which can be said corresponding to the fire risk levels of safer (Ⅲ),less safe (Ⅳ),less safe (Ⅳ) and safer (Ⅲ),respectively. And,in final analysis,the rectification suggestions we would like to propose can be said based on the evaluation results. And,so,just as the application results of the fire risk assessment model show

关 键 词：安全工程 风险评价 G1法 熵权法 TOPSIS 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]