三嗪和磷腈阻燃剂作碳源阻燃聚乳酸复合材料的性能研究  

Effect to be gained by using the triazine and phosphazene flame retardants as carbon sources on the properties of polylactic acid

作　　者：王丽琼[1] 李立影 梁洁[1] 李梓源 WANG Li-qiong;LI Li-ying;LIANG Jie;LI Zi-yuan(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2021年第3期1040-1047,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：为了探究三嗪和磷腈类碳源对聚乳酸阻燃性能及力学性能的影响,提高阻燃效率,利用苯氧基聚磷腈(SPB100)、三嗪类膨胀阻燃剂(FP2200)作碳源分别与聚磷酸铵(APP)按不同配比复配,采用熔融共混法制备了阻燃聚乳酸复合材料,总添加量保持10%。通过热重分析(TGA)、极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)和锥形量热法分析了2种膨胀阻燃体系对阻燃聚乳酸热稳定性和阻燃性能的影响,采用拉伸试验评价了阻燃聚乳酸的机械性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜和傅立叶变换红外光谱研究了阻燃聚乳酸残炭的化学结构和组成,并分析了阻燃机理。结果表明,当SPB100/APP的质量比为7/3时,LOI达到28.5%且达到UL94-V-0等级,拉伸强度为49.7-MPa。研究表明,两种碳源均可改善阻燃聚乳酸的热稳定性、抗滴落性能和阻燃性,能满足阻燃要求,其中添加SPB100的阻燃聚乳酸复合材料的力学性能更优。The paper intends to investigate the effects of triazine and phosphazene carbon sources on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polylactic acid with its purpose to improve the flame retardancy efficiency. The actual procedure is to take phenoxy polyphosphazene (SPB100) and triazine-based intumescent flame retardant (FP2200) as the carbon sources mixed with the ammonium polyphosphate (APP) at the different ratios with10% of the total addition turned for preparing the flame retardant polylactic acid composites via the melt extrusion. And,then,it would be necessary to assess the mechanical properties of the flame retardant polylactic acid,so as to characterize the crystallization,the thermal and flame-retardant properties of the flame retardant polylactic acid by way of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),the limit oxygen index (LOI),the vertical combustion (UL-94)and the cone calorimetry via the tensile experiment. As to the flame retardant mechanism,it is necessary to analyze the chemical structure and composition of the residual carbon with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The DSC results indicate that it would be possible to improve the crystallinity,the glass transition temperature and the thermos resistance of polylactic acid composites by adding the flame retardants. The TGA results we have gained also indicate that both the SPB100/APP and the FP2200/APP can help to produce the perfect synergistic flame retardant effects. The FTIR results can thus suggest that,in the process of combustion,the flame retardant polylactic acid composites can give off P—N,P—O—N and P—O—C to promote the expanded carbon layer formation. And,when LOI value and UL-94 reach by 28. 5% and V-0,the tensile strength would get to 49. 7 MPa on the condition if the mass ratio of SPB100/APP is equal to 7/3. And,in so doing,both the peak of the heat release rate (PHRR) and the total heat release (THR) of the polylac

关 键 词：安全工程 聚乳酸 苯氧基聚磷腈 三嗪类阻燃剂 膨胀炭层 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]