分散与集中“:新三反”运动中党防治官僚主义的双重逻辑  

Decentralization and Centralization:The Party’s Dual Logic of Preventing Bureaucracy in the New Movement Against“Three Evils”

作　　者：周思睿 Zhou Si-rui

机构地区：[1]清华大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《毛泽东邓小平理论研究》2021年第5期68-75,108,共9页Studies on Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping Theories

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“党的十八大以来中国廉政治理方略研究”[20AKS022]阶段性成果。

摘　　要：官僚主义的产生与权力结构密切相关。高度集权和过度分权都是产生官僚主义的诱因。新中国成立后,党逐渐认识到官僚主义高发并非仅因权力过分集中,还因权力过于分散。反分散主义,成为"新三反"运动中党防治官僚主义的逻辑主线。分散主义加剧官僚主义有特定传导机制。全面检查工作、处理人民来信、完善领导制度是以反分散主义防治官僚主义的重要手段。加强集权是"新三反"运动取得成功的最重要制度设计。这证明了社会主义国家的集权具有反官僚主义的功效,也为当下反官僚主义提供了历史经验。The birth of bureaucracy is closely related to the structure of power.Both high centralisation and excessive decentralisation of power are the inducements of bureaucracy.After the founding of New China,the Party gradually realised that the high incidence of bureaucracy was not only due to the excessive concentration of power,but also to the excessive decentralisation of power.Anti-decentralisation became the CPC’s antibureaucracy logic in the new movement against"three evils".There is a specific transmission mechanism by which decentralism exacerbates bureaucracy.Comprehensively inspecting work,dealing with letters from the people,and improving the leadership system were important means of combating bureaucracy through anti-decentralisation.Strengthening centralised power was the most important institutional design for the success of the new movement against"three evils".It proves the effectiveness of centralised power in socialist countries in combating bureaucracy and offers historical experience for combating bureaucracy in the present.

关 键 词：“新三反” 官僚主义 分散主义 集权—分权 

分 类 号：D23[政治法律—政治学]