五味子主要化学成分及现代药理作用研究进展  

Main Chemical Constituents and Modern Pharmacological Action of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus:A Review

作　　者：邢楠楠 屈怀东 任伟超[1] 马伟[1] XING Nan-nan;QU Huai-dong;REN Wei-chao;MA Wei(School of Pharmacy,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China;Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学药学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨师范大学,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2021年第15期210-218,共9页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“中医药现代化研究”项目(2019YFC1710704)。

摘　　要：五味子为临床常用中药之一,其富含多种化学成分,包括木脂素类、挥发油类、多糖、有机酸、萜类、黄酮类等化学成分,药用价值极高,在临床上可用于治疗心悸失眠、自汗盗汗、内热消渴、津伤口渴、久咳虚喘、尿频遗尿、梦遗滑精、久泻不止等病证。现代药理研究发现五味子在中枢神经系统方面具有镇静催眠、健脑益智、镇痛、抗惊厥和抗抑郁的作用,在消化系统方面可调节胃肠道蠕动、保肝护肝,在免疫系统方面发挥抗肿瘤和抗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的作用,同时具有保护心血管,降血糖,保肺护肾,促进生殖,抗菌抑菌,抗高泌乳血症、抗骨质疏松及对胚胎损伤和视网膜的保护作用等。该文对近年来国内外有关五味子临床药理作用的研究进行归纳总结,为五味子后续深入研究提供思路,为其合理开发利用提供理论依据,并在临床疾病治疗方面具有重大指导意义。Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus(SCF),a commonly used clinical Chinese medicine,is rich in chemical components, including lignans, volatile oils, polysaccharides, organic acids, terpenoids, and flavonoids. It has a high medicinal value,which is manifested in the treatment of palpitation,insomnia,spontaneous perspiration,internal heat,consumptive thirst,fluid injury,chronic cough,asthma,frequent urination,enuresis,nocturnal emission,chronic diarrhea,etc. Modern pharmacological studies have found that SCF has sedative,hypnotic,brain invigorating,analgesic,anticonvulsant,and antidepressant effects in the central nervous system. In the digestive system,it can regulate gastrointestinal motility and protect the liver. In the immune system,it is effective in resisting tumors and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),and also potent in protecting the cardiovascular system,lung and kidney,reducing blood sugar,promoting reproduction,inhibiting bacteria,resisting hyperprolactinemia and osteoporosis,and protecting against embryo damage and retina injury. This study reviewed the available research on clinical pharmacological effects of SCF in recent years and provided ideas for further research on SCF and theoretical basis for its rational development and utilization,which was of great guiding significance in clinical disease treatment.

关 键 词：五味子 化学成分 现代 药理作用 研究进展 

分 类 号：R2-0[医药卫生—中医学] R22