谷氨酸棒杆菌的代谢工程使能技术研究进展  

Recent advances in developing enabling technologies for Corynebacterium glutamicum metabolic engineering

作　　者：王钰[1,2] 郑平 孙际宾[1,2] Yu Wang;Ping Zheng;Jibin Sun(Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology,Tianjin 300308,China;National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology,Tianjin 300308,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院系统微生物工程重点实验室天津工业生物技术研究所,天津300308 [2]国家合成生物技术创新中心,天津300308

出　　处：《生物工程学报》2021年第5期1603-1618,共16页Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFA0901400);国家自然科学基金(Nos.32070083,31870044)资助。

摘　　要：谷氨酸棒杆菌Corynebacterium glutamicum是重要的工业微生物,尤其是在氨基酸工业中,每年用于600余万t氨基酸的生物制造。近年来,谷氨酸棒杆菌代谢工程使能技术正在不断完善,不仅加快了细胞工厂的创建和优化,拓展了底物谱和产物谱,也推动了谷氨酸棒杆菌的基础研究,使谷氨酸棒杆菌成为代谢工程的理想底盘细胞。文中综述了近期针对谷氨酸棒杆菌开发的代谢工程使能技术,着重介绍了基于CRISPR的基因组编辑、基因表达调控、适应性进化和生物传感器等技术的开发和应用。Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important workhorse of industrial biotechnology,especially for amino acid bioindustry.This bacterium is being used to produce various amino acids at a level of over 6 million tons per year.In recent years,enabling technologies for C.glutamicum metabolic engineering have been developed and improved,which accelerated construction and optimization of microbial cell factoriers,expanding spectra of substrates and products,and facilitated basic researches on C.glutamicum.With these technologies,C.glutamicum has become one of the ideal microbial chasses.This review summarizes recent key technological developments of enabling technologies for C.glutamicum metabolic engineering and focuses on establishment and applications of CRISPR-based genome editing,gene expression regulation,adaptive laboratory evolution,and biosensor technologies.

关 键 词：谷氨酸棒杆菌 代谢工程 基因组编辑 表达调控 适应性进化 生物传感器 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学] Q78