不同配比日粮对生长期黑头羊生长性能、屠宰性能、组织和脏器发育的影响  

Effects of different ration ratios on growth performance,slaughter performance,tissue and organ development of blackhead goat in growing period

作　　者：张年[1,2] 陈明新 索效军[1] 郭万正[1] 熊琪[1] 杨前平[1] 陶虎[1] 李晓峰[1] 张凤[1] 张群[3] ZHANG Nian;CHEN Mingxin;SUO Xiaojun;GUO Wanzheng;XIONG Qi;YANG Qianping;TAO Hu;LI Xiaofeng;ZHANG Feng;ZHANG Qun(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Engineering and Molecular Breeding in Hubei Province,Wuhan 430064,China;Local of Animal husbandry and Veterinary of Zhushan County,Shiyan 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,武汉430064 [2]动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室,武汉430064 [3]竹山县畜牧兽医局,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第13期62-67,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2020-620-004-002);湖北省农业科技创新行动项目(2018SKJCX05)。

摘　　要：为了研究相同营养水平条件下,以不同比例的花生秸秆、全株青贮玉米、非全株青贮玉米、青贮桑和苜蓿干草配制的日粮短期内对4~6月龄生长期黑头羊生长性能、屠宰性能、组织和脏器发育的影响,试验将60只体况良好的雌性生长期黑头羊随机均分成6组,Ⅰ组饲喂花生秸秆日粮、Ⅱ组饲喂全株青贮玉米日粮、Ⅲ组饲喂非全株青贮玉米日粮、Ⅳ组饲喂青贮桑日粮、Ⅴ组饲喂苜蓿干草+花生秸秆日粮、Ⅵ组饲喂苜蓿干草日粮,进行为期60 d的舍饲,并测定日增重和饲料转化效果;舍饲结束后,每组选取3只体重、体尺相当的健康黑头羊进行屠宰,测定屠宰性能和组织、脏器重量及占比。结果表明:相同营养水平的6种不同日粮组合对生长期黑头羊生长发育、屠宰性能及组织、脏器发育的总体影响不明显。平均日增重和相对增长率Ⅱ组显著低于Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅵ组(P<0.05);干物质采食量除Ⅴ组与Ⅳ组、Ⅵ组差异不显著外(P>0.05),其余各组间均差异显著(P<0.05);料重比Ⅱ组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅴ组显著高于Ⅵ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅴ组间差异不显著(P>0.05);每千克增重成本Ⅲ组(12.19元)<Ⅳ组(13.66元)<Ⅰ组(15.54元)<Ⅱ组(15.89元)<Ⅴ组(20.31元)<Ⅵ组(23.25元),且Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组显著高于Ⅰ~Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。胴体重、屠宰率Ⅰ~Ⅵ组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。在组织、脏器方面,头重Ⅵ组显著高于Ⅲ组、Ⅴ组(P<0.05),其占比Ⅱ组、Ⅵ组显著高于Ⅲ组、Ⅴ组(P<0.05);蹄重Ⅴ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);皮重占比Ⅴ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);肾脏重Ⅰ组、Ⅴ组显著高于Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅵ组(P<0.05);其余各组织、脏器的重量和占比各组间均差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明在相同营养水平条件下,非全株青贮玉米日粮为生长期黑头羊最佳的饲喂日粮,同时各地区可以根�In order to study the effects of daily rations with different proportions of peanut straw, whole plant silage corn, non-whole plant silage corn, silage mulberry and alfalfa hay on growth performance, slaughter performance, tissue and organ development of 4-6-month-old blackhead goats in a short period under the same nutritional level, 60 healthy female growing blackhead goats with good body condition were randomly divided into 6 groups, the animals in groupⅠwas fed with peanut straw diet, the animals in groupⅡwas fed with whole plant silage corn diet, the animals in group Ⅲ was fed with non-whole plant silage corn diet, the animals in group Ⅳ was fed with silage mulberry diet, the animals in group Ⅴ was fed with alfalfa hay + peanut straw diet and the animals in group Ⅵ was fed with alfalfa hay diet for 60 days, and the daily gain and feed conversion result were determined. At the end of house feeding, three blackhead goats with similar body weight and body size were selected from each group and slaughtered for determination of slaughter performance, tissue and organ weight and their proportions. The results showed that six different dietary combinations with the same nutritional level had no significant effects on the growth, slaughter performance, tissue and organ development of blackhead goats during growth period. The average daily gain and relative growth rate in groupⅡwas significantly lower than those in groupⅠ, group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ(P<0.05). There were significant differences in feed intake of dry matter among all groups, except that there was no significant difference between group Ⅴ and group Ⅳ, and between group Ⅴ and group Ⅵ(P>0.05). The feed and weight gain ratio in groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05), the feed to gain ratio in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ, group Ⅲ, group Ⅴ and group Ⅵ(P<0.05),the feed to gain ratio in group Ⅰ, group Ⅲ and group Ⅴ were significantly higher than that in group Ⅵ(P<0.05).

关 键 词：相同营养水平 生长期 生长性能 屠宰性能 组织和脏器发育 黑头羊 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学] S816[农业科学—畜牧兽医]