神经微管振动产生纳米尺度内电磁场作用  

Nanoscale electromagnetic field interaction generated by microtubule vibration in neurons

作　　者：王艳红[1] 王磊 武京治[1] Wang Yan-Hong;Wang Lei;Wu Jing-Zhi(School of Information and Communication Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学信息与通信工程学院,太原030051 [2]中北大学化学工程与技术学院,太原030051

出　　处：《物理学报》2021年第15期345-351,共7页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国防科技创新特区(批准号:02-ZT-008)资助的课题.

摘　　要：生物体经过神经元进行信息处理产生指令,控制各种功能和活动.神经元可通过神经微管维持动态生长,辅助蛋白转运等,微管蛋白可产生电磁信号进行信息交换.微管蛋白具有强极性分布,本文通过研究微管不同振动模式产生的电磁特性,分析微管周围的电磁场分布和相互作用.结果表明,微管蛋白在太赫兹波段有众多振动模式.在多微管间纳米尺度内,细胞溶液介电系数在太赫兹波段随频率增加而减小,在相邻微管间可产生强于热噪声的电磁场.合理调节微管长度、振动振幅等参数可能获得溶液中可探测太赫兹电磁场.微管振动产生电磁场,可用于疾病诊断和脑机接口等.Neurons collect information from different parts of the biological body,generate signals and control their functions and activities.There are electromagnetic communication channels between neurons apart from the action potentials.Microtubules are the largest cytoskeletal filaments in neurons,with a diameter of about 25 nm.Microtubule is composed of alpha-and beta-tubulin subunits assembled into hollow cylindrical polymers supporting dynamical growth,and facilitate transport of proteins.In axons,dendrites,growth cones,and migratory neurons,microtubules are generally tightly organized in array and uniformly oriented.Because of the polarity and charge distribution of tubulins,the vibrations of microtubules generate electromagnetic fields.In this paper,electromagnetic fields induced by different vibrational modes of microtubules are studied.The vibrational mode of tubulins calculated using the normal mode analysis shows that there are abundant vibrational modes in the terahertz range.The electric fields of different vibration modes show distinct distribution features.The induced electromagnetic fields of microtubules can be stronger than thermal noise because of reduced permittivity of intracellular fluid for higher frequencies in a nanometric confined region.Since water exhibits layered structuring near all surfaces independent of their hydrophilicity,the permittivity of water surrounding tubulins between microtubules is expected to decrease significantly because of surface-induced alignment of water molecular dipoles.While the permittivity of surrounding medium decreases to 5,the electromagnetic potential energy between two 100-nm-long microtubules can be stronger than the thermal energy within a 30-nm-long distance.As high frequency vibrations are generally localized in the microtubule,terahertz electromagnetic interactions can be present between tubulins and short microtubules.Because the separation between microtubule arrays in neurons is in a range from 20 nm to 100 nm,electromagnetic interactions between micro

关 键 词：神经元 微管 电磁场 介电常数 

分 类 号：Q424[生物学—神经生物学]