Genome and population evolution and environmental adaptation of Glyptosternon maculatum on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau  

作　　者：Shi-Jun Xiao Zen-Bo Mou Rui-Bin Yang Ding-Ding Fan Jia-Qi Liu Yu Zou Shi-Lin Zhu Ming Zou Chao-Wei Zhou Hai-Ping Liu 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Fisheries Science,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 810000,China [2]Department of Computer Science,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China [3]College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China [4]Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development(Ministry of Education),College of Fisheries,Southwest University,Chongqing 402400,China [5]College of Plant Protection,Jilin Agriculture University,Changchun,Jilin 130118,China [6]Jiaxing Key Laboratory for New Germplasm Breeding of Economic Mycology,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314000,China

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2021年第4期502-513,共12页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：supported by the Key Research and Development Projects in Tibet:Preservation of Characteristic Biological Germplasm Resources and Utilization of Gene Technology in Tibet(XZ202001ZY0016N);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072980);Special Finance of Tibet Autonomous Region(XZNKY-2019-C-053)。

摘　　要：Persistent uplift means the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)is an ideal natural laboratory to investigate genome evolution and adaptation within highland environments.However,how paleogeographic and paleoclimatic events influence the genome and population of endemic fish species remains unclear.Glyptosternon maculatum is an ancient endemic fish found on the QTP and the only critically endangered species in the Sisoridae family.Here,we found that major transposons in the G.maculatum genome showed episodic bursts,consistent with contemporaneous geological and climatic events during the QTP formation.Notably,histone genes showed significant expansion in the G.maculatum genome,which may be mediated by long interspersed nuclear elements(LINE)repetitive element duplications.Population analysis showed that ancestral G.maculatum populations experienced two significant depressions 2.6 million years ago(Mya)and 10000 years ago,exhibiting excellent synchronization with Quaternary glaciation and the Younger Dryas,respectively.Thus,we propose that paleogeography and paleoclimate were dominating driving forces for population dynamics in endemic fish on the QTP.Tectonic movements and temperature fluctuation likely destroyed the habitat and disrupted the drainage connectivity among populations.These factors may have caused severe bottlenecks and limited migration among ancestral G.maculatum populations,resulting in the low genetic diversity and endangered status of the species today.

关 键 词：Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) Glyptosternon maculatum Genome evolution POPULATION High-altitude adaptation 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]