叶面肥对薄壳山核桃幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of Foliar Spray on Growth of Carya Illinoensis Seedlings

作　　者：周米生[1] 王陆军[1] 肖正东[1] 蔡新玲[1] ZHOU Misheng;WANG Lujun;XIAO Zhengdong;CAI Xinling(Anhui Academy of Forestry Science,Hefei,Anhui 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省林业科学研究院,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2021年第7期51-56,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：十三五国家科技支撑子课题“江淮低丘土地资源节约型农林复合系统结构配置及调控技术研究与示范”(2015BAD07B050303)项目资助。

摘　　要：为研究喷施尿素(简称CO)与磷酸二氢钾(简称PK)对薄壳山核桃幼苗生长的影响,采用2因素4水平随机区组试验设计,分析不同施肥组合对苗木生长的影响,使用Origin软件拟合出反应曲面方程,结果显示苗高、地径增幅对叶面肥的响应均符合二元二次回归方程,叶面肥能促进苗木生长,且这种促进作用呈现出钟形曲面模式。通过肥料效应分析可知,单施尿素(CO)比磷酸二氢钾(PK)效果好,CO与PK配施比单施效果好;通过交互作用分析可知,当CO用量为1.824 g·L^(-1)、PK用量为0.894 g·L^(-1),两者比例为2.040∶1时,苗高增幅达到最大理论值42.13%;CO用量为2.558 g·L^(-1)、PK用量为0.985 g·L^(-1),两者比例为2.597∶1时,地径增幅达到最大理论值68.51%。由等产线图可知,对苗高增幅、地径增幅有明显促进作用的范围CO合理用量为0~2.278 g·L^(-1)、0~3.293 g·L^(-1),PK合理用量为0~1.180 g·L^(-1)、0~1.340 g·L^(-1)。在肥料充足时应按最佳施肥量施肥,肥料不足时,CO、PK用量和配比应满足最适配比线方程。苗高最适配比线方程0.0840CO-0.029PK0.127;地径最适配比线方程0.0642CO-0.047PK0.118。To study the effect of different concentrations of urea and monopotassium phosphate on the growth of Carya illinoensis seedlings,a two-factor,four-level randomized block group trial design was used to analyze the effect of different fertilizer applications on seedlings growth,and and software Origin was used to fit the reaction surface equation.The results proved that the effect of foliar spray on the height and ground diameter of Carya illinoensis seedlings met the binary quadratic regression equation,foliar fertilizer spray could enhance seedling growth,and the effect presented a bell-shaped curve model.The analysis of fertilizer effect showed that urea was more effective than monopotassium phosphate under single application,the combined fertilizer application was better than single application;interactive analysis showed that it was the best for the height increment,reaching to 42.13%,when spraying dose of urea and monopotassium phosphate were 1.824 g·L^(-1),0.894 g·L^(-1) and its ratio was 2.040∶1.While 2.558 g·L^(-1) of CO,0.985 g·L^(-1) of PK,with ratio of 2.597∶1,the ground diameter increment was optimum,reaching to 68.51%.According to yield equality lines plots,the rational urea spraying quantity was 0~2.278 g·L^(-1),0~3.293 g·L^(-1),and monopotassium phosphate spraying quantity was 0~1.180 g·L^(-1),0~1.340 g·L^(-1),respectively.The optimum amount of fertilizer was applied when the fertilizer was sufficient,when the fertilizer was deficient,the amount and ratio of urea and monopotassium phosphate should be based on the best fit ratio equation.The best fit ratio equation for height was 0.0840CO-0.029PK=0.127,and 0.0642CO-0.047PK=0.118 for ground diameter.

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 叶面肥 尿素 磷酸二氢钾 反应曲面方程 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]