基于可控震源的中浅部地震勘探参数选择  

The parameter selection of middle and shallow seismic exploration based on vibrator

作　　者：谢兴隆[1] 马雪梅[1] 龙慧[1] 李秋辰 郭淑君[1] 程正璞 XIE Xing-Long;MA Xue-Mei;LONG Hui;LI Qiu-Chen;GUO Shu-Jun;CHENG Zheng-Pu(Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey,CGS,Baoding 071051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,河北保定071051

出　　处：《物探与化探》2021年第4期1004-1013,共10页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFE0201300);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20189630)。

摘　　要：可控震源已经广泛应用在石油、煤田等地震勘探工作中,相应的技术手段也较为成熟,但涉及高频检波器采集的较少,尤其是使用可控震源进行中浅部地震勘探时参数的选择缺乏参考依据。为了研究如何在中浅部地震勘探中获取高品质数据,在雄安地区开展了一系列“可控震源激发、高频检波器接收”试验。本文在大量试验数据的基础上,采用原始单炮定性分析与频谱定量分析相结合的方式,从原始数据信噪比与分辨率的角度出发,系统论述了可控震源震动次数、扫描长度、初始频率、终止频率、驱动幅度、斜坡长度以及检波器自然频率等参数的选择对数据质量的影响;明确了所涉及参数的选择要点及依据,提出了高截止频率的概念;最后,总结了中浅部地震勘探参数选择的策略,对以后中浅部可控震源地震勘探具有一定的借鉴意义。The vibrator has been widely used in petroleum,coal field and other seismic exploration,and the corresponding technical means are relatively mature;nevertheless,there is no reference basis for the parameter selection of middle and shallow seismic exploration with vibrator.In order to study how to obtain high quality data in middle and shallow seismic exploration,the authors carried out a series of"vibrator excitation,high frequency geophone reception"experiments in Xiong'an.Based on a large number of experimental data and using qualitative analysis of original single shot and quantitative analysis of frequency spectrum,this paper systematically discusses the influence of the selection of parameters such as vibration number of vibrator,sweep length,starting frequency,ending frequency,drive level,slope length and natural frequency of geophone on data quality.This paper clarifies the key points and basis of parameter selection,puts forward the concept of high cutoff frequency,and summarizes the strategy of parameter selection for middle and shallow seismic exploration,which provides some reference for the use of vibrator in middle and shallow seismic exploration.

关 键 词：地震勘探 可控震源 激发参数 高频检波器 数据采集 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]