瞿秋白的侠文化批评与文艺大众化运动  

Qu Qiubai’s Criticism of Chivalrous Culture and the Popularization Movement of Literature and Art

作　　者：陈夫龙[1] Chen Fulong(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong,250014)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期24-37,共14页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：作者主持研究的教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“中国抗战文学与侠文化研究”(19YJA751003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：面对20世纪30年代武侠小说盛行的热潮,作为革命家的瞿秋白着眼于特定时代需要和革命发展实际,对侠文化作出阶级分析,不仅揭示了武侠热的深层动因,指出武侠小说的社会危害,从思想倾向上对其进行无情批判和彻底否定,而且认识到新文学与旧文学争夺读者市场问题的严峻性及其任务的艰巨性,注重思想启蒙,唤醒民众起来抗争。同时,作为新文学作家,瞿秋白从文学本体论角度发现并肯定了武侠小说艺术形式上的长处,积极投身于文艺大众化运动,为反对武侠主义找到了一剂良方。在瞿秋白的批判视野中,反对武侠主义是文艺大众化运动的斗争任务之一,文艺大众化则是他审视和反思武侠小说的重要基点。瞿秋白的侠文化批评话语和文艺大众化思想对后世文学思想和创作产生了深远影响,但对其局限性必须保持清醒认识。Facing the upsurge of chivalrous novels prevailing in the 1930s,Qu Qiubai,as a revolutionary,focused on the needs of a specific era and the reality of the revolutionary development and made a class analysis of chivalrous culture(the culture of Xia).Qu not only revealed the deep cause of the chivalry craze,pointed out the social harm of chivalrous novels,and in ideological tendency,mercilessly criticized and completely negated them,but also realized the seriousness of the problem of competing for the reader market and the hardship of the task ahead between the new literature and the old one,and paid attention to ideological enlightenment in order to arouse the common people to fight.At the same time,as a new literature writer,Qu found and affirmed the merits of the artistic form of chivalrous novels from the perspective of literary ontology,and actively participated in the popularization movement of literature and art.As a result,he found a good prescription for opposing chivalry.In Qu’s vision of criticism,opposing chivalry is one of the fighting tasks of the popularization movement of literature and art,and the popularization of literature and art is an important basic point for him to examine and reflect on chivalrous novels.Qu’s critical discourses of chivalrous culture and thoughts of the popularization of literature and art have been used for reference in the literary thoughts and creations of later generations,which have already exerted a profound influence,but a clear understanding of their limitations must be kept.

关 键 词：瞿秋白 侠文化批评 抗日救亡 文艺大众化运动 反对武侠主义 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]