GPS测量中大气延时误差分析  

Research on a Modified Allan Variance in the Long-term Frequency Stability Measurement of Hydrogen Frequency Atom Standard

作　　者：张然 陈学军[2] 杨帆 彭肖 ZHANG Ran;CHEN Xue-jun;YANG Fan;PENG Xiao(Beijing Institute of Radio Metrology and Measurement f Beijing 100039,China;China Xi'an Satellite Control Center,Xfan 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京无线电计量测试研究所,北京100039 [2]中国西安卫星测控中心,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《宇航计测技术》2021年第3期64-67,共4页Journal of Astronautic Metrology and Measurement

摘　　要：GPS测量误差主要有卫星引入的、接收机本身引入的、大气延时引入的这3个来源。其中,大气延时误差主要包括电离层延时和对流层延时,具有一定的稳定性,我们可以通过数学模型预测。电离层延时与电子含量大小有关,一般为几米,电子密度剧烈增加时,可达到几十米,对流层延时在天顶方向约为几米,在高度角较低时,可达几十米,严重影响GPS测量与定位精度。因此,有效预测大气延时误差对提高GPS测量和定位精度有重要意义。本文介绍了大气延时误差预测模型,并通过数据分析卫星仰角对大气延时误差变化特性的影响。GPS measurement error mainly comes from three sources:measurement error introduced by satellite,measurement error introduced by receiver itself and measurement error introduced by atmospheric delay.Atmospheric delay error mainly includes ionospheric delay and tropospheric delay,which has certain stability and can be predicted by mathematical model.The ionospheric delay is related to the electron density,which is generally several meters.When the electron density increases dramatically,it can reach tens of meters.The tropospheric delay is about several meters in the zenithal direction.And it can reach tens of meters when the height Angle is low,which seriously affects the GPS measurement and positioning accuracy.Therefore,the effective prediction of atmospheric delay error is of great significance to improve GPS measurement and positioning accuracy.In this paper,the atmospheric delay error prediction model was introduced,and the influence of satellite elevation Angle on the atmospheric delay error variation was analyzed through data analysis.

关 键 词：GPS测量误差 对流层延时 电离层延时 卫星仰角 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]