基于交流通电的钢球微细裂纹电磁检测方法  

Electromagnetic Detection Method for Microcracks on Steel Balls Based on Alternating Current Energization

作　　者：刘伯承 唐健[1,2] 王荣彪 康宜华 余平[3] LIU Bocheng;TANG Jian;WANG Rongbiao;KANG Yihua;YU Ping(Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Jingjin Electric Technology(Zhengding)Co.,Ltd.,Zhengding 050800,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学,武汉430074 [2]数字制造装备与技术国家重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]精进电动科技(正定)有限公司,河北正定050800

出　　处：《轴承》2021年第8期32-38,共7页Bearing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB0106000)。

摘　　要：提出了一种基于交流通电测磁的钢球表层微细裂纹检测方法,首先,通过有限元仿真得到钢球表面微细裂纹所产生漏磁场的磁感应强度的数量级,验证检测方法的可行性;然后,选择高灵敏度隧道磁敏电阻传感器拾取磁场信号,并设计了弧形差分阵列探头实现全覆盖扫查;最后,分析通电电流频率和强度对不同深度和走向裂纹产生的磁感应强度的影响,优化了交流激励参数。试验结果表明:随着交流电频率的增大,漏磁场逐渐减小,扰动电流产生的扰动磁场逐渐增大;随电流增强,磁场呈增大趋势。另外,设计了一套钢球微细裂纹检测系统,采取沿钢球表面螺旋展开扫查,机械手配合钢球的旋转运动,实现钢球表面的全覆盖自动化无损检测。A detecting method for microcracks on steel ball surface is proposed based on alternating current energization and magnetic measurement.Firstly,the order of magnitude of magnetic flux density of leakage magnetic field generated by microcracks on steel ball surface is obtained through finite element simulation to verify feasibility of detection method;then,the high-sensitivity tunnel magneto resistor is selected to pick up magnetic field signal,and the arc-shaped differential array probe is designed to achieve full coverage scanning;finally,the influence of frequency and intensity of energized current on magnetic induction intensity generated by cracks with different depths and directions is analyzed,and the alternating current excitation parameters are optimized.The test results show that:with the increase of alternating current frequency,the leakage magnetic field gradually decreases,and the disturbance magnetic field generated by disturbance current gradually increases;with the increase of current,the magnetic field shows an increasing trend.In addition,a detection system is designed for microcracks on steel balls,which adopts spiral scanning along steel ball surface,and the manipulator cooperates with rotation of steel balls to realize full coverage and automatic non-destructive inspection of steel ball surface.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 钢球 无损检测 表面缺陷 微裂纹 交流电压 磁敏电阻器 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]