基于格林模式的大学生抗菌药物自我药疗行为调查研究  

Investigation on the Self-Medication Behavior with Antibiotics Among University Students Based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model

作　　者：邹雅敏[1] 毛静 林燕[1] 方宇 周文旭[1] ZOU Yamin;MAO Jing;LIN Yan;FANG Yu;ZHOU Wenxu(Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi,China 710049;School of Pharmacy,Health Science Center,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi,China 710061)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学医学部药学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《中国药业》2021年第15期4-8,共5页China Pharmaceuticals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[71974156]。

摘　　要：目的为抗菌药物的科普传播和健康教育提供参考。方法基于格林模式的倾向因素、促成因素、强化因素,构建使用抗菌药物自我药疗的行为方式及内外部环境行为模型。选择陕西省某综合性大学2020年11月至12月的1~4年级非医学类大学本科在读学生730名。开展问卷调查,按是否发生过自我药疗行为分为无自我药疗行为组和有自我药疗行为组。对有无自我药疗行为的影响因素进行单因素分析及多因素二元Logistics回归分析,并提出建议。结果该校大学生2020年5月至12月的抗菌药物自我药疗发生率为38.36%(280/730)。无自我药疗行为组的抗菌药物态度得分、认知与态度得分均显著高于有自我药疗行为组(P<0.05)。在药店购药时不会被要求出具处方是自我药疗行为有显著意义的促成因素(P<0.01),在宿舍或家中常备抗菌药物、服用抗菌药物前通常会阅读药品说明书是自我药疗行为有显著意义的强化因素(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,认知与态度得分越低,越倾向于发生自我药疗行为(OR=0.948,P=0.038);宿舍或家中常备抗菌药物是自我药疗行为的强化因素(OR=1.579,P=0.004);相对于药店购买抗菌药物时须携带处方,不要求出具处方是自我药疗行为的促成因素(OR=2.091,P=0.002)。结论大学生抗菌药物自我药疗行为的发生是多因素共同作用的结果,应提高与改善其对抗菌药物的认知与态度,规范抗菌药物获取途径,加强对自我药疗行为的干预与引导,以降低自我药疗风险。Objective To provide a reference for the popularization and health education of antibiotics.Methods Based on the predisposing factor,enabling factor and reinforcing factor of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model,the self-medication behavior mode and internal-external environmental behavior model with antibiotics were established.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 730 non-medical undergraduates(freshmen,sophomore,junior,senior students)in a comprehensive university of Shaanxi Province from November to December 2020.According to whether they had self-medication behavior,the students were divided into the non-self-medication behavior group and self-medication behavior group.The influencing factors of self-medication behavior were analyzed by univariate and multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis,and the suggestions were put forward.Results From May to December in 2020,the incidence of self-medication with antibiotics was 38.36%(280/730)among students in this university.The scores of attitude towards antibiotics,cognition and attitude towards antibiotics in the non-self-medication behavior group were higher than those in the self-medication behavior group(P<0.05).The absence of a prescription requirement when buying antibiotics in a pharmacy was a significant promotive factor of self-medication behavior.The presence of antibiotics in the dormitory or at home and reading the drug manuals before taking antibiotics were significant strengthening factors of self-medication behavior.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the lower the scores of cognition and attitude,the more likely they were to have self-medication behavior(OR=0.948,P=0.038).The presence of antibiotics in the dormitory or at home was a strengthening factor of self-medication behavior(OR=1.579,P=0.004).The absence of a prescription requirement was a promotive factor of self-medication behavior compared with the need to carry prescriptions when buying antibiotics in a pharmacy(OR=2.091,P=0.002).Conclusion Self-medication behavior wit

关 键 词：自我药疗 格林模式 抗菌药物 大学生 倾向因素 促成因素 强化因素 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学] R978.1