2005-2020年贵阳市麻风流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in Guiyang city from 2005 to 2020

作　　者：杨琴[1] 周健[1] 佘敏[1] YANG Qin;ZHOU Jian;SHE Min(Guiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang 550003,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳市疾病预防控制中心,贵阳550003

出　　处：《中国麻风皮肤病杂志》2021年第9期571-575,共5页China Journal of Leprosy and Skin Diseases

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(编号:gzwjkj2019-1-118)。

摘　　要：目的:了解贵阳市2005-2020年麻风的流行病学特征。方法:通过全国麻风防治管理信息系统(LEPMIS)收集整理贵阳市2005-2020年新、复发麻风患者的详细资料,采用SPSS 18.0软件对麻风病例的一般情况和就诊次数、麻风反应、残疾情况、传染源、发现方式和型别等相关因素进行χ^(2)检验和非条件logistic多因素分析。结果:贵阳市2005-2020年共发现新、复发麻风169例,年均发现率0.260/10^(5),总体呈下降趋势,复发病例7例,其中3例是联合化疗后复发(42.86%),4例为DDS单疗后复发(57.14%)。169例患者平均年龄(41.88±16.75)岁,儿童病例(14岁及以下)6例,占新发病例的3.55%,MB∶PB=2.13∶1,平均2级残疾比为32.54%,发现方式以皮肤科就诊为主,占31.36%。影响畸残的主要因素为麻风患者的文化程度高低、不同传染源、不同的发现方式和麻风型别。结论:贵阳市麻风流行状态总体呈下降趋势,但2级残疾发病率高并且还有儿童病例(14岁及以下)出现,麻风疫情依然严峻。Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in Guiyang from 2005 to 2020.Methods:The detailed data of new and recurrent leprosy patients in Guiyang from 2005 to 2020 were collected through the National Leprosy Prevention and Management Information System(LEPMIS).SPSS 18.0 software was used for χ^(2) test and multivariate logistic regression analysis on the related factors such as general information,times of visit,leprosy reaction,disability,source of infection,detection method and type of leprosy.Results:A total of 169 cases of new and recurrent leprosy were found in Guiyang from 2005 to 2020,with an average annual detection rate of 0.260/10^(5),showing a general downward trend.Of 169 patients,7 were relapsed cases,including 3 relapsed after MDT(42.86%)and 4 relapsed after DDS(57.14%).The mean age was 41.88±16.75 years,and 6 cases were children(14 years or younger),accounting for 3.55%of the new cases,MB∶PB=2.13∶1.The average rate of grade 2 disability was 32.54%.Skin clinic was the main detection mode,accounting for 31.36%.The main factors associated with disability were the education level of leprosy patients,different sources of infection,detection methods and types of leprosy.Conclusion:The prevalence of leprosy in Guiyang was generally declining.However,with a high level 2 disability ratio and the emergence of cases in children(14 years or younger),the leprosy epidemic situation remains severe.

关 键 词：麻风 流行病学 特征分析 

分 类 号：R755[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]