超声联合微泡介导血脑屏障开放及其在中枢神经系统疾病治疗中的作用  

Ultrasound combined with microbubbles mediating blood-brain barrier opening and its role in the treatment of central nervous system diseases

作　　者：韩茹茵 王一卉 孙悦[1] 王筱冰[1] HAN Ru-Yin;WANG Yi-Hui;SUN Yue;WANG Xiao-Bing(College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710119

出　　处：《生命科学》2021年第6期781-789,共9页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81972900);陕西省自然科学基金重点项目(2019JZ13)。

摘　　要：血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier, BBB)是一种介于外周循环系统与中枢神经系统之间的动态结构,起着守门员的作用,在维持机体内环境稳定的同时也阻碍了大多数治疗性药物进入大脑。聚焦超声联合微泡以非侵入的方式瞬时、局部可逆开放BBB,有利于药物分子的跨脑转运和中枢神经系统疾病的多功能诊疗。该文详细介绍了血脑屏障的结构、功能以及超声与微泡的发展历程,对聚焦超声联合微泡开放BBB的潜在机制、影响因素以及在脑部疾病中的最新研究进展进行了总结,并对其在临床实践中的应用前景进行了展望。The blood-brain barrier(BBB), a dynamic structure between the peripheral circulatory system and the central nervous system, acts as a gatekeeper, which maintains a stable internal environment but prevents most therapeutic drugs from entering the brain. At the same time, focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles can open BBB instantaneously and locally in a non-invasive way, which is conducive to the trans-brain transport of drug molecules and the multifunctional diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system diseases. In this review, the structure, function of BBB and the development of ultrasound and microbubbles are introduced in detail, and the potential mechanism, influencing factors and application of BBB opening by ultrasound in brain diseases are described. Finally, some problems in this area are proposed and the development potentials of this technology in clinical practice are prospected.

关 键 词：聚焦超声 微泡 血脑屏障 中枢神经系统疾病 

分 类 号：Q4-3[生物学—生理学] Q42