Autotaxin-LPA轴在肥胖及其相关疾病中的作用  

Autotaxin-LPA Axis in Obesity and Obesity-related Diseases

作　　者：尹楠 张俊杰[1] YIN Nan;ZHANG Jun-Jie(Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education,Institute of Cell Biology,College of Life Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学学院,细胞增殖及调控生物学教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2021年第7期768-778,共11页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(7192102);国家自然科学基金(81972604);细胞增殖及调控生物学教育部重点实验室开放课题资助项目。

摘　　要：溶血磷脂酸(lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)是一种结构简单的生物活性脂质分子,可通过与细胞膜上的LPA受体(lysophosphatidic acid receptors,LPARs)结合参与调控细胞生命活动,在多种生理和病理过程中发挥作用.分泌型糖蛋白Autotaxin(ATX)具溶血磷脂酶D(lysophosphalipase D,lysoPLD)活性,能够催化溶血磷脂酰胆碱(lysophosphatidylcholine,LPC)水解生成LPA,这是循环系统中LPA的主要来源.近几年的研究表明,ATX在成熟脂肪细胞中高表达,ATX-LPA轴与肥胖及肥胖个体的糖脂代谢紊乱有密切的关系,被认为是肥胖相关疾病治疗的新靶点.本文综述了ATX-LPA轴在肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和非酒精性脂肪肝病中的作用及作用机制,为相关领域的基础研究和疾病防治提供新的思路和策略.Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA), a set of bioactive lipid species with simple structure, is able to regulate various cellular activities, and participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes via binding to the LPA receptors, a series of G protein coupled receptors on cellular membrane. Autotaxin(ATX) is a secretory glycoprotein with lysophosphatidase D(lysoPLD) activity to generate LPA from lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC),which is the main source of circulating LPA. Recently, increasing evidences have revealed that ATX is highly expressed in mature adipocytes and that the ATX-LPA axis plays a role in obesity and obesity-related disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism. The ATX-LPA axis has been regarded as the novel therapeutic target for obesityrelated diseases. In the present paper, we will review the research progresses of ATX-LPA axis in obesity and obesity-related diseases, such as insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

关 键 词：ATX LPA 脂肪细胞 肥胖 胰岛素抵抗 非酒精性脂肪肝病 

分 类 号：Q5[生物学—生物化学] Q7