四川猕猴桃灰霉病菌对4种杀菌剂的抗药性检测  

Detection of the resistance of Botrytis cinerea from kiwifruit to four fungicides in Sichuan

作　　者：裴艳刚 朱宇航 岁立云[2] 陶琴君 龚国淑[1] PEI Yangang;ZHU Yuhang;SUI Liyun;TAO Qinjun;GONG Guoshu(College of Agriculture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,成都611130 [2]四川省成都市农林科学院,成都611130

出　　处：《植物保护》2021年第4期180-185,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2020YFH0203);雅安市市校合作科技计划(2018-2020)。

摘　　要：为明确猕猴桃灰霉病菌对常见杀菌剂的抗药性状况,本试验于2016年-2018年调查统计了四川猕猴桃生产中防控灰霉病所用的药剂种类和施药频次,并从四川8个猕猴桃主产区采集病叶、病花和病果,经单孢分离获得122个灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea菌株,采用最低抑制浓度法(MIC)测定其对4种化学药剂嘧霉胺、咯菌腈、腐霉利和异菌脲的抗药性。结果表明:用于四川猕猴桃灰霉病防控的药剂主要有8种,其中嘧霉胺、异菌脲和腐霉利3种药剂施用频次最高;猕猴桃灰霉病菌对嘧霉胺、咯菌腈、腐霉利和异菌脲的抗性频率分别达95.08%、86.07%、80.33%和5.74%,且不同产区的灰霉病菌对药剂的抗药性频率不同;所测菌株对4种杀菌剂的敏感性类型共有8种,其中以Pyr^(R)Flu^(R)Pcm^(R)Ipr^(S)(对嘧霉胺、咯菌腈、腐霉利表现抗性,对异菌脲表现敏感)类型为主,该类型的菌株占65.57%,对4种杀菌剂均表现抗性的菌株为7株。表明四川省猕猴桃灰霉病菌对嘧霉胺、咯菌腈、腐霉利和异菌脲已经产生了抗药性,对异菌脲抗药性较低,迫切需要筛选新的杀菌剂防治猕猴桃灰霉病。In order to determine the resistance of Botrytis cinerea to common fungicides in Sichuan province,the types and frequency of fungicides used to prevent and control gray mold in the production of kiwifruit were investigated,and kiwifruit samples showing symptoms of gray mold were also collected from major commercial kiwifruit orchards in eight geographic regions from May and November in 2016-2018.One hundred and twenty-two strains of B.cinerea were isolated by single spore isolation,and their resistance to pyrimethanil,fludioxonil,procymidone,iprodione were further detected with minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)method.The results showed that there were mainly eight types of fungicides applied in the prevention and control of gray mold in Sichuan province.Among them,pyridoxamine,iprodione and procymidone have the highest application frequencies.The resistance frequencies of pyrimethanil,fludioxonil,procymidone and iprodione reached 95.08%,86.07%,80.33%and 5.74%,respectively,meanwhile,different strains isolated from different regions also displayed different rates of resistance to these agents.There were eight kinds of resistance types for all strains,and the resistance type of Pyr^(R)Flu^(R)Pcm^(R)Ipr^(S)(resistant to pyrimethanil,fludioxonil and procymidone;sensitive to iprodione)was the maximum,with the proportion of 65.57%.There are seven strains resistant to all four fungicides.The results indicated that B.cinerea in Sichuan province had developed resistance to pyrimethanil,fludioxonil,procymidone and iprodione,and had lower resistance to iprodione.It is urgent to screen new fungicides for the control of kiwifruit gray mold.

关 键 词：猕猴桃灰霉病 灰葡萄孢 杀菌剂 抗药性 

分 类 号：S481.4[农业科学—农药学]