木质藤本植物黑老虎生活史特征与空间分布格局  

Life History and Spatial Distribution of Woody Liana Kadsura coccinea

作　　者：杨宁[1] 杨满元[1] 刘慧娟 黄雯 梁忠厚 YANG Ning;YANG Man-yuan;LIU Hui-juan(College of Landscape Architecture,Hunan Environmental-Biological Polytechnic College,Hengyang,Hunan 421005)

机构地区：[1]湖南环境生物职业技术学院园林学院,湖南衡阳421005

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第15期134-137,141,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2018JJ5027);湖南省林业科技项目(湘财农批〔2018〕30、43、123号,XLK201959,湘财资环指〔2019〕2号);湖南省市场监督局(湘市监办字〔2019〕59号);2019年湖南林下经济中药材长期科研试验基地项目(XLK201959);2019年度创新型省份建设专项(2019NK4149);衡阳市科技项目(S2018F9031018288)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解黑老虎种群结构及动态。[方法]采用典型样地法,以径级结构代替年龄结构及方差均值比率法研究湖南省莽山、舜皇山及黄桑国家自然保护区3个黑老虎种群的年龄结构、高度结构和空间分布格局,编制特定时间生命表,绘制存活曲线。[结果]黑老虎3个种群的年龄结构分为5级,呈倒金字塔形,年龄结构无Ⅰ级幼苗,幼藤储备很少,中成年藤和老年藤的比例占60%~80%,属衰退型种群;高度结构受支柱木和林冠层高度影响,不同种群高度结构包括的级数不同,但发育都是连续的;3个种群分布格局不同,莽山种群呈集群分布,舜皇山和黄桑种群呈随机分布;生长可分为幼藤、中成年藤和老藤3个时期,存活曲线呈凸形,处于衰退状态。[结论]极弱更新能力和较少种群数量预示黑老虎种群的生存和繁育都面临极大挑战,具有濒危植物的特征,应加强保护和人工引种驯化。[Objective]To understand the population structure and dynamics of Kadsura coccinea.[Method]We used the typical sample-plot survey,diameter structure instead of age structure and variance/mean ratio to study the age,height structure and the spatial distribution of three populations in Mangshan,Shunhuangshan and Huangsang National Natural Reserve,respectively.We established the time-specific life table and drew the survival rate curve.[Result]The relative age structure of three populations was an inverted pyramid shape,which was divided into five classes.There were almost no saplings in ClassⅠ,and more adult trees in the age structure for three populations.The adult trees accounted for 60%-80%,which showed that these populations belonged to declining populations.The height structures of three populations were in different classes,but they were successive in the height growth of their individuals and in community.The distribution patterns of three populations were different.The pattern of Mangshan population was characterized by a clump distribution,and those of Shunhuangshan and Huangsang populations were characterized by random distribution.By the time-specific life table,the development process of K.coccinea population could be divided into three stages including sapling stage,mature tree stage and old tree stage.The survival curves of three populations were close to DeeveyⅠwith the meaning of declining tendency.[Conclusion]All the results suggested that the weaker regeneration capacity and the less population amount limited the survival and breed of K.coccinea and led to it endangered.It is an important work to enhance protecting,introduction and domestication of K.coccinea.

关 键 词：黑考虑 藤本植物 种群结构 种群动态 生命表 存活曲线 

分 类 号：Q948.121[生物学—植物学]