我国典型地区预算定额差异分析与定额改革必要性研究  

Analysis of the Differences in Budget Quotas in Typical Regions of China and Research on the Necessity of Quota Reform

作　　者：竹隰生[1] 黄馨怡 Zhu Xisheng;Huang Xinyi(Chongqing University.Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学,重庆400045

出　　处：《工程造价管理》2021年第4期9-14,共6页Engineering Cost Management

摘　　要：我国正在大力推进工程造价市场化改革,其中预算定额留存与否的问题在行业内引发争议。文章通过对比北京、广东、广西、湖南、江苏、浙江、上海、四川、重庆等九省市的房屋建筑与装饰工程预算定额,发现不同地区预算定额在定额名称、组成结构、更新周期、涵盖种类和参编人员结构等相应形式上存在差异,在定额子目划分、定额子目工作内容、建筑装饰工程人工消耗量、计费基数和施工机械使用费构成等相关内容上有所不同。不同地区预算定额之间过分的差异化已经背离了因地制宜的初衷,这不仅会增加预算定额的使用难度,而且将降低预算定额的科学性和可信度,从而导致区域壁垒的形成,阻碍工程造价行业乃至整个建筑业的发展。因此,进行定额改革是实现工程造价行业市场化发展的必要措施。China is promoting the market-oriented reform of project cost,in which the issue of quota cancellation or not has caused great controversy in the industry.By comparing the budget quota of housing construction and decoration engineering in nine regions including Beijing,Guangdong,Guangxi,Hunan,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shanghai,Sichuan,and Chongqing,this paper finds that the budget quotas of different regions are different in the form of quota name,composition structure,update cycle,coverage type,and participation personnel structure.And there are differences in related content such as the division of quota subheads,the work content of quota subheads,the labor consumption of building decoration engineering,the billing base,and the composition of construction machinery usage fees.Excessive differentiation between budget quotas in different regions has deviated from the original intention of adapting measures to local conditions,which will not only increase the difficulty of using budget quotas,but also reduce the scientificity and credibility of budget quotas,thereby promoting the formation of regional barriers,hindering the development of the engineering cost industry and the entire construction industry.Therefore,the quota reform is a necessary measure to realize the market-oriented development of the engineering cost industry.

关 键 词：定额改革 必要性 预算定额 定额差异 对比分析 

分 类 号：TU723.3[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]