甘蓝型油菜细胞核雄性不育系Y09AB的遗传特性及杂种优势  

The inheritance and heterosis of the genic male sterile line Y09AB in Brassica napus

作　　者：张泽荣 曹诗琴 李思锦 岳宁燕 洪波 谢毅雪 陈雨蝶 邬贤梦[1] ZHANG Zerong;CAO Shiqin;LI Sijin;YUE Ningyan;HONG Bo;XIE Yixue;CHEN Yudie;WU Xianmeng(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Agricultural Rural Bureau of Chenggu County,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723200,China;College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]陕西省汉中市城固县农业农村局,陕西汉中723200 [3]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期385-391,共7页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101300);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101700);湖南省省长专项(湘财农指[2016]114)。

摘　　要：以甘蓝型油菜细胞核雄性不育系Y09AB和PolCMS保持系11217及恢复系11354为试验材料,分析Y09AB的遗传特性。选Y09AB中的不育株与保持系11217和恢复系11354杂交,两组合F1代的所有植株均表现可育,F2代群体中可育株与不育株的分离比符合15∶1,表明Y09AB的育性由2对隐性不育基因控制,而不受细胞质的影响。将Y09AB与另2个隐性核不育二型系104AB和湘油402AB进行正反交,各组合F1代的所有植株均表现可育,说明Y09AB的不育基因与104AB和湘油402AB的不育基因均为非等位关系。利用20个具有不同遗传背景的甘蓝型油菜品系与Y09AB广泛测交,调查杂交F1代的育性情况,分析各杂交组合的杂种优势,各组合F1代的所有植株均表现可育,恢复株率达100%,说明Y09AB的不育性稳定,且恢复源广泛。组合鉴定试验结果显示:20个测交组合中有18个组合比对照品种(沣油520)增产,其中增产15%以上的有7个;10个组合超中亲优势在25%以上;2个组合超高亲优势在30%以上。组合比较试验结果表明,10个参试组合中有7个比对照品种增产,其中增产5%以上的有3个,最高增幅达8.62%。从组合鉴定试验和组合比较试验的结果来看,Y09AB表现出较高的配合力和较强的杂种优势潜力,是1个具有开发潜力的隐性核不育二型系。Genetic characters of Y09 AB were analyzed using genic male sterile line Y09 AB and Pol CMS maintainer 11217 and restorer 11354 in Brassica napus.Sterile plants in Y09 AB were selected to be crossed with 11217 and 11354,and all plants in the F1 generation of the two combinations were fertile.The separation ratio between fertile and sterile plants in F2 generation was consistent with 15∶1,indicating that the fertility of Y09 AB was controlled by 2 pairs of recessive nuclear genes and was not affected by cytoplasm.Y09 AB was cross-positive and negative with another two recessive genic male sterile two-type lines 104 AB and Xiangyou 402 AB,and all the plants in F1 generation were fertile,indicating that the male sterile genes of Y09 AB and the male sterile genes of 104 AB and Xiangyou 402 AB were non-allelic.Using 20 Brassica napus strains with different genetic background testcross with Y09 AB to investigate the sterility of hybrid F1 generation and to analyze heterosis of hybrid combinations,we found that all the plants in F1 generation were fertile,and the recovery rate was 100%,which meant that Y09 AB possessed complete and stable sterility,and had extensive source of recovery.The results of the combination identification test showed that among the 20 testcross combinations,18 of them the yield was higher than the control variety,among which 7 of them increased the yield by more than 15%.There were 10 combinations in which the mid-parent heterosis was more than 25%,and 2 combinations in which the heterobeltiosis was more than 30%.The results showed that 7 of the 10 testcross combinations increased the yield than the control variety,and 3 of them increased the yield by more than 5%,with a maximum increase of 8.61%.The results of combination identification test and combination comparison test showed that Y09 AB had high combining ability and strong heterosis potential,and was a recessive genic male sterile two-type line with great potential for development.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 细胞核雄性不育系 遗传特性 基因等位性 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S565.403[农业科学—作物学]