氯代硝基苯选择性加氢催化剂研究现状与进展  

Progress in the research of chloronitrobenzene selective hydrogenation catalysts

作　　者：王敏嘉[1,2] 周少东 阮建成[1,2] 李嵘嵘 陈新志[1,2] WANG Minjia;ZHOU Shaodong;RUAN Jiancheng;LI Rongrong;CHEN Xinzhi(College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology,Hangzhou 310027,Zhejiang,China;Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou,Quzhou 324000,Zhejiang,China;Engineering Research Center of Recycling&Comprehensive Utilization of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Waste of Zhejiang Province,Taizhou University,Taizhou 318000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院/浙江省化工高效制造技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江大学衢州研究院,浙江衢州324000 [3]台州学院浙江省医药化工废物回收利用综合工程研究中心,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《化工进展》2021年第8期4223-4230,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21376213,21878265)。

摘　　要：氯代苯胺(chloraniline,CAN)是重要的精细化学品中间体,应用广泛。氯代硝基苯(chloronitrobenzene,CNB)经催化加氢合成CAN的方法存在脱氯副反应,因此改进催化剂性能以提高该反应选择性受到广泛重视。本文从多相催化体系和均相催化体系分别总结了近年来此类催化剂的研究现状与进展。多相催化体系常用的改性方式包括调变金属相分散度、调变载体性质、添加金属助剂等。其中,通过调变金属相分散度得到的单原子催化剂,因其高原子利用率而呈现出优异的催化性能,但提高其稳定性仍是未来探索的方向。均相催化剂包括金属配合物催化剂、金属胶体催化剂等,常用的改性方式有添加金属离子/配合物等。均相催化剂反应效率高,但普遍制备过程繁琐、较难回收,仍有待优化。另外,本文还总结了反应介质对该加氢体系的影响。最后总结了催化剂改性方案的特点,对未来CNB选择性加氢催化剂的设计与应用提供了理论指导。Chloraniline(CAN)is an important and widely used intermediate for fine chemical production.CAN is mainly synthesized by catalytic hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene(CNB).However,extensive dechlorination can occur during this process.Therefore,improving the performance of the catalysts to increase the reaction selectivity has received widespread attention.This paper summarizes the research progress of such catalysts in recent years for heterogeneous catalytic systems and homogeneous catalytic systems.Modification methods commonly used in heterogeneous catalytic systems include modulating metal dispersion,adjusting the properties of the support,and adding metal additives.Among them,the single-atom catalysts obtained by modulating metal dispersion exhibit excellent catalytic performance due to their high atom utilization,but the stability still needs to be improved.Homogeneous catalysts include metal complex catalysts,metal colloidal catalysts.The modification methods mainly include adding metal ions/complexes.Homogeneous catalysts have high efficiency,but the general synthesis process is cumbersome and they are difficult to recycle,which still needs to be optimized.In addition,this paper also summarizes the influence of the reaction medium on the hydrogenation system.At last,this paper concludes the characteristics of the catalyst modification methods,and provides theoretical guidance for the future design and application of CNB selective hydrogenation catalysts.In addition,the effect of the reaction medium on the hydrogenation system is also discussed.

关 键 词：氯代硝基苯 氯代苯胺 催化加氢 催化剂改性 

分 类 号：TQ203.2[化学工程—有机化工]