复配型石蜡基原油乳化降黏剂的研制和评价  

Development and Evaluation of Compound Paraffin-based Crude Oil Emulsifying Vis⁃cosity Reducer

作　　者：谢蕊泽 杨荣安 刘建荣 XIE Ruize;YANG Rong'an;LIU Jianrong(No.1 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.;School of Environment,Enterprise and Development,University of Waterloo;Experimental Detection Research Institute,Karamay City,Xinjiang)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司第一采油厂 [2]滑铁卢大学环境企业与发展学院 [3]新疆克拉玛依市实验检测研究院

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2021年第8期7-11,共5页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

摘　　要：针对大庆油田高含蜡原油开采和集输中采用的传统加热方式存在能耗大、成本高、占用设备及人力多、停输有凝管堵塞危险等问题,利用FZ区块原油样品,进行乳化剂ZX-1的制备及性能研究。结果表明:乳化剂ZX-1最佳配方是AE1910∶SDBS配比为1∶2,在温度40℃条件下,降黏率可达78%;乳化剂ZX-1具有优良的乳化降黏和防蜡性能,有助于原油脱水。其降黏和防蜡机理为:加入乳化剂后,含水原油形成O/W型乳状液,乳化剂分子在油滴表面和油管壁面做定向排列,水分子围绕活性剂的单分子层形成极性水膜,从而既防止了蜡在管壁表面的黏附,又防止了油滴的聚集。The traditional heating method used in the production,gathering and transportation of high waxy crude oil in Daqing Oilfield has many problems,such as large energy consumption,high cost,too much equipment and manpower,high risk in transposition pile blocking after shutdown.Aiming at these problems,using oil samples taken from FZ block,preparation and property evaluation of new type emulsifier ZX-1 is carried out.Results show that the optimum formula of ZX 1 consists of AE1910 and SDBS,and having a mass ratio of 1:2.Under the temperature of 40℃,the new emulsifi-er can reduce the viscosity of crude oil by 78%.The emulsifier ZX-1 has excellent properties of emulsi-fication,viscosity reduction,and paraffin control,and can help crude oil dehydration.The main mechanism of the emulsifier ZX 1 for viscosity reducing,paraffin control is:after adding ZX 1 emul-sifier,water-in-oil type emulsion becomes oil-in-water type emulsion.ZX 1 molecules can be di-rectionally arranged on emulsion drops and the wall surface of transposition pipeline.And then the ZX 1 monomolecular layer is surrounded by water molecules.So the polarity water film is formed.The polari-ty water film can prevent the wax adhere to the pipeline surface and the aggregation of emulsion drops.

关 键 词：高含蜡原油 常温输送 乳化剂 防蜡 降黏 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]