SAR卫星业务化地形测绘能力分析与展望  

Analysis and outlook of the operational topographic surveying and mapping capability of the SAR satellites

作　　者：李涛 唐新明 高小明 陈乾福 张祥 LI Tao;TANG Xinming;GAO Xiaoming;CHEN Qianfu;ZHANG Xiang(Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用中心,北京100048

出　　处：《测绘学报》2021年第7期891-904,共14页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0502700);国家自然科学基金(61801136,41901303);民用航天技术预先研究项目(B0302)。

摘　　要：从业务化应用的角度针对合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)卫星的平面定位能力及高程测量能力进行了分析与展望。在平面定位方面,TerraSAR-X、COSMO-SkyMed及天绘二号已经达到了1∶50000比例尺数字正射影像产品生产指标要求,其中TerraSAR-X的业务化平面定位精度优于2 m,其业务化控制点产品生产精度为3 cm。本文综合介绍了厘米级高精度无控平面定位过程中的误差来源及检校方法。在高程测量方面,TanDEM-X及天绘二号已经达到了1∶50000比例尺数字高程模型产品生产指标要求,其中TanDEM-X如果不考虑茂密植被区及冰雪覆盖区,其高程测量精度优于0.88 m。本文综合介绍了业务化无控高程测量过程中的误差来源及检校方法。本文的研究内容为国产SAR卫星的平面定位和高程测量提供了一定的技术参考。In this paper,we reviewed the operational topographic surveying and mapping capability,i.e.,plane and height accuracy,that synthetic aperture radar(SAR)satellites achieve.The plane accuracy of TerraSAR-X,COSMO-SkyMed and Tianhui-2 meets the need of 1∶50000 digital orthophoto map standard.The state-of-the-art plane accuracy is 2 m which is achieved by TerraSAR-X.Meanwhile,the accuracy of operational ground control point production provided by TerraSAR-X is 3 cm.We reviewed the error sources and the calibration methods for centimetric SAR image location.The height accuracy of TanDEM-X and Tianhui-2 meets the needs of 1∶50000 digital elevation model standard.The state-of-the-art height accuracy is 0.88 m which is achieved by TanDEM-X if the dense vegetation areas and the snow-and-ice covered areas are exclusively included in the statistical results.We reviewed the error sources and the calibration methods for height measurement without ground control information.The paper is expected to provide references for the geolocation and height measurement of the domestic SAR satellites.

关 键 词：SAR测地学 雷达干涉 业务化测绘 检校 平面及高程精度 

分 类 号：P236[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]