城中园,园中城  

Garden in City and City in Garden

出　　处：《中国园林》2021年第7期I0002-I0003,共2页Chinese Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：中国城市与园林的发展有着漫长的历史,城市与园林是同时出现的,也是并存发展的。城市中最基本的单元是住宅。尽管由于地理方位、气候条件、社会结构及生活习惯的不同,住宅的形式千变万化,但是合院一直是中国古代城市住宅的基本类型。受儒家宗法伦理的影响,合院式住宅往往严谨规整、布局对称。不过在院子甚至是小小的天井之中,通常都会种植树木或摆放盆栽植物,既有美好的寓意,也缓解规则式住宅过于严肃的氛围。一座城市由街巷和规模不同、院落进数不等的合院建筑排布组成,尽管城市中建筑密度很高,但是由于院子里大多种有树木,所以如果从高处俯瞰,整个城市都会掩映在绿树之中。The development of cities and gardens in China has a long history.Cities and gardens have appeared at the same time,and they have also existed and developed together.The most basic unit in a city is a residence.Although due to the different geographical location,climatic conditions,social structure and living habits,the forms of housing are ever-changing,but the courtyard has always been the basic type of urban housing in ancient China.Affected by Confucian patriarchal ethics,courtyard houses are often rigorously organized and symmetrical in layout.However,in the yard or even a small patio,trees or potted plants are usually planted,which has a good meaning and alleviates the overly serious atmosphere of a regular house.A city is composed of streets and lanes and courtyard buildings of different scales and layers.Although the density of buildings in city is very high,because there are many kinds of trees in the courtyards,if you overlook from a high place,the whole city will be hidden among the green trees.

关 键 词：建筑密度 盆栽植物 规则式 宗法伦理 中国古代城市 地理方位 并存发展 生活习惯 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]