麦田肥料减施下深耕对麦叶爪螨和麦岩螨种群发生的影响  

Effects of deep tillage on population occurrence of Pentfaleus major and Petrobia latens under reduced fertilizer application in wheat fields

作　　者：李润钊 唐庆伟 于福兰 于秀英 王艳辉 李立坤 陈法军 LI Run-Zhao;TANG Qing-Wei;YU Fu-Lan;YU Xiu-Ying;WANG Yan-Hui;LI Li-Kun;CHEN Fa-Jun(Laboratory of Insect Informatic Ecology,Department of Entomology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Gaochun District Agricultural Rural Bureau of Nanjing,Gaochun 211300,Jiangsu Province,China;Jiyang District Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Jinan,Jiyang 251400,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系,昆虫信息生态实验室,南京210095 [2]江苏省南京市高淳区农业农村局,江苏高淳211300 [3]山东省济南市济阳区农业农村局,山东济阳251400

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2021年第4期840-849,共10页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200400)。

摘　　要：为探究不同耕作方式和肥料水平对两种麦田害螨(麦叶爪螨Pentfaleus major和麦岩螨Petrobia latens)种群发生的影响,2019-2020年研究了浅耕(耕深13 cm)和深耕(耕深25 cm)下标准施肥(600 kg/hm^(2))和肥料减施(375 kg/hm^(2))麦田两种害螨的若虫、成虫和种群发生动态。结果表明:相同肥料和耕作处理中麦叶爪螨发生量都明显高于麦岩螨发生量,麦叶爪螨是麦田主要害螨。与标准肥处理相比,肥料减施显著降低了2019年浅耕和深耕下麦岩螨若虫发生量,以及2020年深耕麦田麦岩螨种群发生量。另一方面,与浅耕处理相比,深耕显著降低了2019年标准肥麦田麦岩螨若虫发生量,并显著降低了2019年和2020年标准肥麦田麦叶爪螨成虫发生量,以及2019年和2020年标准肥麦田麦叶爪螨和麦岩螨种群发生量。可见,肥料减施和深耕处理都可降低麦田麦叶爪螨和麦岩螨种群发生量,有利于实现麦田害螨生态防控。To explore the effects of different tillage methods and fertilizer levels on the population occurrences of two species of pest mites(Pentfaleus major and Petrobia latens)in wheat fields,in 2019-2020,the nymphs,adults and population dynamics were studied under shallow tillage(tillage depth of 13 cm)versus deep tillage(tillage depth of 25 cm)and standard fertilizer(600 kg/hm^(2))versus reduced fertilizer(375 kg/hm^(2)).The results showed that the incidence of P.major was significantly higher than that of P.latens in the same fertilizer and tillage treatments,thus,the P.major was the main pest mite in wheat fields.Compared with standard fertilizer treatments,reduced fertilizer application significantly decreased the occurrence of P.latens nymphs under both shallow and deep tillage in 2019,while significantly reduced the population of P.latens only under deep tillage in 2020.On the other hand,compared with shallow tillage,deep tillage significantly reduced the occurrence of P.latens nymphs in 2019,the occurrence of P.major adult in 2019 and 2020,and the population occurrences of P.latens and P.major in 2019 and 2020,in fields with a standard fertilizer.Our results showed that both reduced fertilizer application and deep tillage treatments can decrease the population abundances of P.latens and P.major in wheat fields,which would be conducive to the ecological prevention and control of pest mites.

关 键 词：麦田 深耕和浅耕 肥料减施 小麦害螨 种群发生量 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]