从第18届世界游泳锦标赛比赛特征看代表性国家第32届夏季奥运会的夺金实力  

Analysis on the Strength of the Winning Gold in the 32^(th) Summer Olympic Games from the Characteristics of the 18^(th) FINA World Championships Gwangju 2019

作　　者：程燕[1] 张明飞[2] 尚明宇 李悦 贺巧 CHENG Yan;ZHANG Mingfei;SHANG Mingyu;LI Yue;HE Qiao(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]集美大学,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2021年第7期11-16,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费项目(基本19-51);国家体育总局游泳运动管理中心科技服务项目(委21-13)。

摘　　要：借助中国国家游泳队信息平台的资源和多年对游泳世锦赛以及奥运会比赛视频、数据等分析结果的积累,对第32届夏季奥运会竞技游泳的竞争态势以及以第18届世界游泳锦标赛为代表的竞技游泳发展特征进行讨论。并以近2年美、澳、中、日的比赛成绩为重点对第32届夏季奥运会各国夺金实力进行展望。研究显示,自2016年里约热内卢奥运会后,世界游泳态势处于快车道,近2届世锦赛约有1/4的世界纪录被突破,然而疫情的全球暴发使成绩的快速增长形势停滞。通过上述具有代表性国家的奥运会选拔赛的表现看,美国虽受到了疫情的重创,但其多年积蓄的游泳人才和实力仍不可小觑;澳大利亚在第18届世界游泳锦标赛上势头回升,竞争实力犹存;日本以及我国短期内的整体实力仍远低于美、澳,未来仍须在人才储备和实力水平上进一步提高。从世锦赛的比赛特征表现看技术和体能仍是游泳实力提升的关键因素。With the resources of China’s national swimming team’s information platform and the accumulation of video and data analysis results of the FINA World Championships and Olympic Games over the years,the study discusses the competitive trend of competitive swimming at the 32 thSummer Olympic Games and the characteristics of the development of competitive swimming represented by the 18 thFINA World Championships Gwangju 2019.Focusing on the competition results of the United States,Australia,China and Japan in recent two years,this study looks forward to the gold medal winning strength of various countries in the 32 thSummer Olympic Games.The results show that the world swimming has been on a fast track since the Rio 2016 Olympic Games.Nearly a quarter of world records have been surpassed in the last two FINA World Championships.However,the global outbreak of COVID-19 has put an abrupt stop to the rapid growth of the performance.It has been hit hard by the epidemic,but its talents and strength built up over the years should not be underestimated of the USA swimming team.Australia have picked up momentum at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games,and it still have competitive strength.However,the overall strength of Japan and China in the short term is still far below that of the USA and Australia,and it still need to upgrade talent reserve and strength level in the future.From the competition characteristics of the FINA World Championships,technology and physical fitness are still the two important factors to improve swimming strength.

关 键 词：游泳技战术 游泳运动表现 游泳成绩分析 世界游泳锦标赛 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]