果园行间绿肥碎草机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of green manure mower between orchard rows

作　　者：赵劲飞 席琳乔[3] 廖结安[1,2] 李琨 马雪亭 谭占明 Zhao Jinfei;Xi Linqiao;Liao Jiean;Li Kun;Ma Xueting;Tan Zhanming(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Tarim University,Alar,843300,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Tarim University,Alar,843300,China;College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar,843300,China;College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar,843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [4]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第7期42-49,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS—22—G—22);兵团财政科技计划资助项目(2021CB022);兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2018AB037);2018年新疆生产建设兵团科技攻关项目(2018DB003);塔里木大学校长基金青年项目资助(TDZKQN201809)。

摘　　要：为解决现有机械在果树行间绿肥碎草难度大、成本高、效率低等问题,研究设计一种果树行间小型绿肥碎草机械。该机具能够一次完成碎草、抛撒和镇压等多项作业功能,通过拖拉机提供动力来源,主要由悬挂架、变速箱、碎草盘、机架、限高轮等组成。利用Ansys软件对机械关键部件进行仿真分析,经分析得出选材强度满足使用要求。依据秸秆还田机作业国家标准开展田间试验,结果表明,样机作业幅宽为1490 mm,粉碎长度合格率为93.56%(以合格粉碎长度<100 mm为标准)、97.23%(以合格粉碎长度<150 mm为标准)、抛撒不均匀率为8%,符合秸秆还田机农业行业标准。研究结果可为北方旱地果园行间机械化碎草提供参考依据,对于降低果农劳动强度和促进果品提质增效具有重要的现实意义。In order to solve the problems of difficulty,high cost,and low efficiency of green manure grass breaking between fruit trees by existing machinery,small green manure crushing machine between fruit tree rows was designed.The machine can complete a number of operation functions,such as grass,throwing,suppression,etc.Its power is provided by the tractor.It is mainly composed of the suspension frame,gearbox,grass plate,frame and height limiting wheel,etc.Ansys software was used to simulate and analyze the key parts of the machine,and the strength of selected materials was found to meet the use requirements.According to the national standard of straw returning machine,field tests was carried out,and the results showed that the average width of the prototype operation was 1490 mm.The qualified rate of the crushing length was 93.56%of the crushing length was less than 100 mm,and 97.23%of the crushing length was less than 150 mm.The uneven degree of throwing was 8%,which was in line with the agricultural industry-standard of straw returning machine.The results of this study can provide a reference for the mechanization of grass cuttings between orchard lines in northern dry land and have important practical significance for reducing the labor intensity of fruit farmers and promoting fruit quality and efficiency.

关 键 词：果园 绿肥 碎草机 碎草圆盘 悬挂架 

分 类 号：S224.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]