围术期护理对后矢状入路骶会阴肛门成形术的疗效和并发症影响分析  

Analysis of the effect of perioperative care on the efficacy and complications of posterior sagittal anorectoplasty

作　　者：何凌云 姜玉娥[1] 饶芬[1] 韦夏[1] 周凯泳 高聚星 HE Lingyun;JIANG Yu'e;RAO Fen;WEI Xia;ZHOU Kaiyong;GAO Juxing(Department of Neonatology,Boai Hospital of Zhongshan,Guangdong,Zhongshan 528403,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市博爱医院新生儿科,广东中山528403

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2021年第13期95-98,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省中山市社会公益科技研究项目(180313082312976)。

摘　　要：目的探讨围术期护理对后矢状入路骶会阴肛门成形术的疗效和并发症影响。方法选取中山市博爱医院新生儿科2015年1月至2019年1月接诊的54例中高位先天性肛门闭锁患儿,均执行后矢状入路骶会阴肛门成形术,以信封法将患儿分为观察组(给予围术期护理,n=27)和对照组(给予常规护理,n=27),采用统计学软件SPSS 22.0分析和比较患儿的恢复效果指标和并发症情况。结果观察组术后创口恢复时间、肛管拔除时间、正常排便时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组出院前、随访结束时体重、身长组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组随访结束时体重、身长明显高于出院前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过围术期护理,术前做好手术准备和并发症预防,术后对切口、肛门造口进行针对性的护理,能够有效的提升患儿后矢状入路骶会阴肛门成形术术后的康复效率,可见围术期护理是该手术的关键措施,可以减少手术并发症,提高手术成功率,具有较高的应用价值。Objective To investigate the effect of perioperative nursing on the efficacy and complications of posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.Methods Fifty-four children with middle and high congenital anal atresia admitted in the Department of Neonatology of the Boai Hospital of Zhongshan from January 2015 to January 2019 were selected.All children were treated with posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.The children were divided into the observation group(receiving perioperative care,n=27)and the control group(receiving conventional care,n=27)by envelope method.The statistical software SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze and compare the recovery effect indicators and complications of the children.Results The recovery time of postoperative wound,time to anal extubation,and time to normal defecationin the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);The postoperative complication rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in body weight and body length between the observation group and the control group before discharge and at the end of follow-up(P>0.05);The body weight and body length at the end of follow-up in the observation group and control group were significantly higher than those before discharge,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Perioperative care,including preoperative preparation for surgery and prevention of complications and postoperative targeted care of incisions and anal stomas,can effectively improve the recovery efficiency of posterior sagittal anorectoplasty in children.Therefore,perioperative care is the key measure of this operation and boastsa high application value,which can reduce surgical complications and increase the success rate of the operation.

关 键 词：围术期护理 先天性肛门闭锁 后矢状入路骶会阴肛门成形术 恢复效果 并发症 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]