无筋砌体结构多层住宅振动台试验与抗震性能评估  

Shaking table test and seismic performance assessment of unreinforced multi-storey masonry residence

作　　者：蒋利学[1,2] 蒋璐 李向民[1,2] 张富文 郑士举[1,2] JIANG Lixue;JIANG Lu;LI Xiangmin;ZHANG Fuwen;ZHENG Shiju(Shanghai Research Institute of Building Sciences Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200032,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Structure Safety,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司,上海200032 [2]上海市工程结构安全重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2021年第8期25-35,共11页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0806100);上海市优秀技术带头人计划(18XD1422800)。

摘　　要：目前,我国城镇大量砌体结构老旧多层住宅面临抗震加固、功能提升等需求。为研究该类结构的抗震性能,进行一个5层无筋砌体结构模型的模拟地震振动台试验,测试分析了7度多遇地震、设防地震、罕遇地震作用下的裂缝损伤发展状况以及楼层加速度、位移、自振频率、阻尼等变化规律。同时,进行非线性有限元分析,并用基于抗震鉴定标准、基于承载能力、基于位移和延性等不同方法,评估了试验模型对应原型结构的抗震性能。结果表明:试验模型纵向在7度多遇地震、设防地震、罕遇地震作用下分别处于完好、轻微破坏和局部倒塌状态,不满足GB 50023—2009《建筑抗震鉴定标准》中对7度区A类建筑的抗震性能目标要求;罕遇地震作用下无筋砌体结构多发生薄弱层屈服破坏,整体结构延性很差,保证抗震墙面积率或楼层屈服强度系数是实现无筋砌体结构在罕遇地震作用下抗震性能目标的主要技术措施;采用基于位移的抗震性能评估方法可以客观地反映无筋砌体结构抗震性能随高宽比增大而降低的规律。A large number of old multi-storey masonry residences built in Chinese urban areas are in need of seismic retrofitting and functional enhancement. In order to study the overall seismic performance of these old masonry structures, shaking table tests were conducted on a five-storey unreinforced masonry structure model. The crack propagation, storey acceleration, displacement, natural frequency and damping properties were studied considering the 7-degree frequent earthquake, fortification earthquake and rare earthquake. Nonlinear finite element analysis of multi-storey masonry structures was also carried out, and the seismic performance of the prototype structure was analyzed using different assessment methods based on seismic appraisal standard, strength, displacement, and ductility. The results show that the test model in the longitudinal direction is in good condition, slight damage and partial collapse under the 7-degree frequent earthquake, fortification earthquake and rare earthquake, respectively. This means that the structure could not meet the seismic performance objectives for class A building in 7-degree areas according to the GB 50023—2009 ‘Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings’. The unreinforced masonry structure tends to show weak layer yield failure and poor ductility under rare earthquake. The main technical seismic measure of unreinforced masonry structure under rare earthquake is to ensure the seismic wall area ratio or storey yield strength coefficient. The seismic assessment method based on the displacement can objectively reflect the rule that the seismic performance of unreinforced masonry structure decreases with the increase of height width ratio.

关 键 词：多层住宅 无筋砌体 振动台试验 抗震性能 抗震评估 

分 类 号：TU362[建筑科学—结构工程] TU317.1