既有城市住区停车问题、趋势及对策  

Research on the Problems,Trends and Countermeasures of Parking in Pre-existing Urban Residential Areas

作　　者：许定源 李迅[1] XU Dingyuan;LI Xun

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2021年第6期I0025-I0028,I0033,共5页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“既有城市住区功能提升与改造技术”(2018YFC0704800)。

摘　　要：当前,中国既有住区停车面临着供需矛盾突出、底数不清、情况不明、标准欠缺、管理不善、基层自治机制尚不成熟等巨大压力。在停车产业化改革、老旧小区改造、健全基层群众自治机制、新技术发展的新形势下,破解既有住区停车难题进入关键时期。在分析现状问题、研判发展趋势的基础上,提出应采取问题导向和目标导向相结合,硬件技术与软件政策相结合的总体策略,措施包括:开展停车调查,加强标准建设,实现规划统筹,采取分类供给策略,总体维持供给适度从紧;逐步建立"使用者付费+可行性缺口补助"的投资回报机制;推进地坑式简易升降类车库和升降横移类车库等集约化停车技术应用;将健全基层党组织领导的基层自治机制融入老旧小区改造过程;发挥路内停车的调控功能,实现路内停车管理一体化;完善停车法治建设,形成长效机制。Currently,parking in pre-existing urban residential areas in China is facing huge pressures such as substantial gap between supply and demand,lack of surveys,lack of standards,poor management,and immature grassroots autonomy mechanisms.With the upward trend of parking industrialization,old community renovation,the improvement of the grassroots autonomy mechanism,and the emergence of new technologies,it has reached a critical period to tackle the parking problems in pre-existing urban residential areas.On the basis of analyzing the current situation,judging the development trend,it is proposed that the overall strategy of combining problemoriented and goal-oriented,hardware technology and software policy should be adopted.Measures include:carrying out parking surveys,establishing parking guidelines and standards system,conducting comprehensive planning,and adopting differentiated supply strategy to maintain a moderately tight supply level in general;gradually establishing return on investment mechanism of"user payment+feasibility gap subsidy";promoting the application of parking technologies such as the pit-lift parking system;improving mass autonomy at the grassroots level led by the Communist Party of China during old community renovation;making full use of on-street parking and promoting integrated on-street parking management;and finally improving parking legislation and forming a long-term mechanism.

关 键 词：既有城市住区 停车问题 停车政策 老旧小区改造 回报机制 智慧停车 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]