聚电解质强化超滤处理低浓度含Cd^(2+)废水效能  

Treatment Performance of Ultrafiltration on Low Concentration Wastewater Containing Cd^(2+)Enhanced by Polyelectrolyte

作　　者：李雪 贺黎 冯冲凌 罗琨 廖兴盛 刘铜 LI Xue;HE Li;FENG Chong-ling;LUO Kun;LIAO Xing-sheng;LIU Tong(College of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University,Changsha 410022,China;Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering Research,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙学院生物与环境工程学院,湖南长沙410022 [2]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2021年第11期70-75,83,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51709285);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JJ3564、2020JJ4643);湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(17A233);湖南省教育厅科学研究优秀青年项目(18B406、18B415)。

摘　　要：分别采用聚丙烯酸(PAA)和壳聚糖(CTS)作为聚电解质,研究了聚电解质强化超滤法处理含Cd^(2+)重金属废水,并考察了聚电解质浓度、pH值、共存离子对截留率、渗透性能和膜污染的影响。结果表明,对于20 mg/L的含Cd^(2+)废水,当PAA、CTS浓度为100 mg/L时去除效果最好,对Cd^(2+)的去除率分别为90.1%和91.6%,对PAA和CTS的去除率分别为71.5%和69.4%。pH值对Cd^(2+)的去除影响较大,Cd^(2+)去除率随着pH值的上升而明显增加,PAA和CTS的去除率则无明显变化。在PAA溶液中,4种共存离子对Cd^(2+)的去除影响程度排序为Na^(+)>Cu^(2+)>Mg^(2+)>Ca^(2+);在CTS溶液中,对Cd^(2+)的去除影响程度排序则为Cu^(2+)>Na^(+)≈Mg^(2+)>Ca^(2+)。聚电解质浓度越高,产生的膜污染越严重,而且投加CTS的膜污染更严重。Ultrafiltration was enhanced by polyelectrolyte for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater containing Cd^(2+)by using polyacrylic acid(PAA)and chitosan(CTS)as polyelectrolytes,and effects of polyelectrolyte concentration,pH value and coexisting ions on rejection rate,permeability and membrane fouling were explored.For the treatment of wastewater with Cd^(2+)concentration of 20 mg/L,the best removal performance was obtained when PAA and CTS concentrations were both 100 mg/L,removal efficiencies of Cd^(2+)were 90.1%and 91.6%,respectively,and removal efficiencies of PAA and CTS were 71.5%and 69.4%,respectively.pH value had an obvious effect on Cd^(2+)removal,and the removal efficiency of Cd^(2+)increased sharply with the increase of pH value.However,no obvious change of PAA and CTS removal efficiencies was observed.In PAA solution,the influence of four coexisting ions on the removal of Cd^(2+)in descending order was Na^(+)>Cu^(2+)>Mg^(2+)>Ca^(2+),while the order was Cu^(2+)>Na^(+)≈Mg^(2+)>Ca^(2+)in CTS solution.Higher polyelectrolyte concentration would lead to more serious membrane fouling,and the membrane fouling was more serious when CTS was added.

关 键 词：聚电解质 超滤 Cd^(2+) 聚丙烯酸(PAA) 壳聚糖(CTS) 膜污染 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]