当前我国农村“天价彩礼”的产生机制及其治理  

The Generation Mechanism and Governance of“Sky-High Priced Betrothal Gift”in China's Rural Areas

作　　者：王向阳 WANG Xiangyang

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学公共管理学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期37-46,223,224,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴战略背景下农村‘光棍’问题的社会学研究”(18CSH034),项目负责人:刘燕舞;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“新时代广大农村基层组织引领群众实现美好生活的经验与机制研究”(A1420502052101-43),项目负责人:王向阳;西南交通大学2021年度人才师资队伍培育“青苗计划”。

摘　　要：“天价彩礼”的产生,本质上是在当前农村适婚人口结构失衡和传统相亲介绍婚恋模式大背景下,绝大多数农村家庭基于“家庭支付能力”而展开的日益激烈的本地婚姻市场竞争的产物。研究发现:当前我国农村“天价彩礼”现象,在地域分布上具有“集中高发”的特征,且与“相亲介绍”这一传统婚恋模式高度相关。在本地婚姻市场竞争格局中,经由上层示范、女性要价、中层跟进、底层挤压,基于“家庭支付能力”的传统相亲介绍婚恋模式必将不断推高本地彩礼价格。这在加剧农民家庭负担、侵蚀社会风气的同时,也引发了早婚、离婚等一系列婚恋问题。对于以父母主导的相亲介绍这一传统婚恋模式而产生的天价彩礼,治理之道在于:依托基层党委政府和群众性自治组织,依靠群众工作智慧和方法,以符合当前新时代社会主义价值观的“自由恋爱”婚恋模式全面改造并逐步替代父母主导的传统“相亲介绍”婚恋模式,进而引导青年群体树立积极健康的婚恋观,并努力营造开放自主、文明和谐的婚姻市场秩序。The emergence of“Sky-highpriced betrothal gift”is essentially an increasingly fierce local marriage market developed by most rural families based on the“family ability to pay”against the background of the imbalance of the current rural marriageable population structure and the introduction of traditional dating patterns.This study suggests that the current phenomenon of“high-priced betrothal gifts”in China's rural areasis characterized by“concentration and high incidence”in terms of geographical distribution,and is highly related to the traditional marriage and love model of“blind date introduction”.In the competitive landscape of the local marriage market,the upper-level demonstration,the female asking price,the middle-level follow-up,and the bottom-level squeeze,and the traditional blind date introduction based on the“family ability to pay”marriage and love models will surely continue to push up the local bride price.While increasing the burden of peasant families and eroding the social atmosphere,it has also caused a series of marriage problems such as early marriage and divorce.The way to solve the problem of the sky-high betrothal price caused by the traditional marriage model of parent-led matchmaking is to rely on the grassroots party committee government and mass self-government organizations,rely on the wisdom and methods of mass work,and gradually replace the parent-led“blind date”marriage model with the“free love”marriage model in line with the current socialist values of the new era,thus guiding young people to establish a positive and healthy concept of marriage and strive to create an open,independent,civilized and harmonious marriage market order.

关 键 词：天价彩礼 相亲介绍 婚姻竞争 自由恋爱 群众工作 

分 类 号：C913.13[经济管理]