不同株龄紫穗槐对退化黑土土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Amorpha fruticosa with Different Plant Ages on Physical and Chemical Properties of Degraded Black Soil

作　　者：赵昱 喻武[1] ZHAO Yu;YU Wu(Resources&Environment College,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi Tibet,860000;School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院,西藏林芝860000 [2]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《高原农业》2021年第4期353-360,共8页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0507003)。

摘　　要：本文选择黑龙江宾县为实验区,以不同株龄紫穗槐和不同种植密度的紫穗槐的土壤为研究对象,通过测定紫穗槐人工林和对照样地的土壤物理性质、化学性质、pH值、矿物质元素含量等指标,研究紫穗槐对退化黑土土壤理化性质和矿质元素的影响。结果表明:34a生紫穗槐其土壤容重值最低1.08g·cm^(-3)明显低于对照组土壤容重1.44 g·cm^(-3),此时土壤总孔隙度、田间持水量为最大值。不同种植年限紫穗槐对土壤碱化改良作用强度为34a>24a>16a>7a;紫穗槐对退化黑土速效氮的富集在0~40 cm土层之间,对速效磷的富集作用发生在20~30 cm土层,对速效钾的富集作用主要发生在0~10cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm土层,对有机质的富集作用主要发生在0~10 cm土层。Binxian of Heilongjiang Province was selected as the experimental area,the soil of Amorpha fruticosa with different plant age and planting density was studied.The effects of Amorpha fruticosa on the physicochemical properties and mineral elements of degraded black soil were studied by measuring the soil physical properties,chemical properties,pH value and mineral element content of Amorpha fruticosa plantation and control plot.The results showed that the lowest soil bulk density of 34-year-old Amorpha fruticosa was 1.08 g·cm^(-3),which was significantly lower than that of the control group(1.44 g·cm^(-3)).At this age,the total soil porosity and field water capacity were the maximum.The results also showed that the effect of Amorpha fruticosa in different planting years on soil alkalization was 34 years>24 years>16 years>7 years,and the accumulation of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter in degraded black soil occurred between 0~40cm,20~30cm,0~10cm,10~20cm and 20~30cm,respectively.

关 键 词：退化黑土 紫穗槐 理化性质 

分 类 号：S812-05[农业科学—草业科学]