建筑遗产继承发展中的不变与变——圣家族大教堂建造中的启示  

The Constant and Change of Heritage Architecture Inheritance and Development:The Reference Significance of Sagrada Familia for China

作　　者：席若溪 田银生[1] Xi Ruoxi;Tian Yinsheng

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学

出　　处：《建筑与文化》2021年第8期239-242,共4页Architecture & Culture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“西南地区传统村落保护与利用研究”(项目编号:18ZDA161)。

摘　　要：2005年,位于西班牙加泰罗尼亚首府巴塞罗那尚在建设中的天主教圣家族大教堂被UNESCO定为世界文化遗产。在到今天为止的近140年中,圣家族大教堂在建造过程中充满了"不变"与"变",可根据其内容和关系分为两个阶段:第一阶段:维拉-高迪的过渡阶段,为不变要素的奠定阶段;第二阶段。高迪至今的继承发展阶段,为变化要素的运用阶段。其中,主要由于高迪奠定的基础与理事会的把控,保证了核心内涵的不变;时代变迁的影响与建造者的更替,引起了具体适应性的变化。如此,使得圣家族大教堂成为一个既有继承又有发展的这个情况启示我们:对于建筑遗产不是只能一成不变地保护,而是要辩证看待其随时代变化中的不变与变的内容关系,从而选择合适的继承发展方式。In 2005,the Sagrada Familia Cathedral in Barcelona,the capital of Catalonia,was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site while still under construction.In the nearly 140 years up to today,the Sagrada Familia Cathedral has been full of"constant"and"change".In the construction process,it can be divided into two stages according to its contents and relationships.The first stage:the transitional stage of Vera till Gaudi,the stage of laying the foundation for the constant elements;The second stage:the inheritance and development stage of Gaudi till now,which is the application stage of the changing elements.Among them,mainly due to the foundation laid by Gaudi and the control of the council,the core connotation is guaranteed to remain unchanged.The change of time and the replacement of builders have caused the change of specific adaptability.In this way,the situation that Sagrada Familia has both inheritance and development reveals us that the protection of architectural heritage is not only invariable,but also needs to dialectically view the content relationship between the constant and the changing with the change of times,so as to choose the appropriate inheritance and development mode.

关 键 词：建筑遗产 圣家族大教堂 继承与发展 不变与变 

分 类 号：TU984.114[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]