1957—2017年厦门市马銮湾国土开发动态规律  

Dynamics of land exploitation in Maluan Bay from 1957 to 2017

作　　者：崔胜辉[1,2] 丁晟平 徐礼来 汤剑雄[1,2,3] 李方一 沈育生 CUI Shenghui;DING Shengping;XU Lilai;TANG Jianxiong;LI Fangyi;SHEN Yusheng(Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen 361021, China;Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所、城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [2]厦门市城市代谢重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]合肥工业大学管理学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2021年第3期502-510,共9页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0506603);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目资助项目(41661144032)。

摘　　要：以厦门市马銮湾为研究区,从规模、速度和结构3方面全面分析了1957—2017年马銮湾陆域和海域土地利用的演变特征。结果表明:(1)60年间马銮湾从半农半渔的农村地区发展到现在高度城市化的城区,经历了“滩涂大开发-养殖和工业快速扩张-城镇扩张”的国土开发过程,土地利用变化速度呈加快趋势,后30年为前30年的2.1倍,近10年更为显著,为前30年的4.7倍,且海域利用变化速度总体快于陆域;(2)马銮湾作为我国的典型海湾地区,其国土开发有以下规律:1957—1987年土地利用变化的驱动作用为农业现代化,1987—2007年为农业现代化与工业化,2007—2017年则主要来自城镇化;农业现代化主要驱动了海域开发,工业化和城镇化主要驱动了陆域开发,而城镇化驱动的土地利用变化速度最快;前期的海域开发以围垦滩涂为主,后期主要是填海造地。陆海统筹需要针对所处的发展阶段,根据国土开发的综合效益制定相应的国土开发政策。In this study,Maluan Bay of Xiamen was chosen as a study area of land exploitation.Thus,temporal evolution characteristics of land use in terrestrial and sea areas of Maluan Bay were analyzed in terms of scale,speed and structure.The results show that(1)in the past 60 years,Maluan Bay experienced a dynamic changing process from“large-scale beach reclamation”to“rapid expansion of aquaculture and industry”and then to“urban expansion”.Changes in the land use accelerated the growth rate which was 2.1 times faster in the last 30 years than that in the previous 30 years and especially it was 4.7 times faster in the last 10 years.The change of land use in sea area is faster than that in terrestrial area as a whole.(2)As an area of typical coastal bay in China,the land use of Maluan Bay has the patterns driven by agricultural modernization from 1957 to 1987,by agricultural moder-nization and industrialization from 1987 to 2007 and by urbanization from 2007 to 2017.Basically,agricultural modernization promoted the development of sea area,while industrialization and urbanization promoted the development of terrestrial area and urbanization promoted the fastest land use change.Sea exploitation was mainly for the beach reclamation in the early stage and then for sea reclamation.It is addressed that terrestrial and sea coordination calls for compatible land development policy according to the comprehensive benefit of land exploitation in specific developmental stages.

关 键 词：海洋环境科学 海湾地区 土地利用变化 陆海统筹 动态分析 厦门市马銮湾 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]