珠江口外陆架海域表层沉积物重金属潜在生态风险评价及来源分析  

Assessment of the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediments of continental shelf and their sources off the Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：陈斌 尹晓娜 姜广甲[1] 卢楚谦[1] 钟煜宏 肖瑜璋[1] 叶建萍[1] 吕向立[1] CHEN Bin;YIN Xiaona;JIANG Guangjia;LU Chuqian;ZHONG Yuhong;XIAO Yuzhang;YE Jianping;LÜXiangli(South China Sea Environment Monitoring Center, SOA, Guangzhou 510300, China;China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心,广东广州510300 [2]中海油研究总院,北京100028

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2021年第3期520-528,共9页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家海洋局南海维权技术与应用重点实验室基金重点项目资助项目(SCS1617)。

摘　　要：基于2017年11月珠江口外陆架海域表层沉积物中Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn、Cr等7种重金属元素的调查结果,应用单因子标准指数和地累积指数法评价了研究海域表层沉积物环境质量,采用Häkanson潜在生态风险指数评价法定量评估沉积物中重金属的潜在生态风险,并利用Pearson相关性分析和主成分分析初步探究了研究海域沉积物中重金属的主要来源。结果表明:研究海域表层沉积物中7种重金属污染物含量均达到海洋沉积物质量一类标准,地累积指数显示研究海域表层沉积物环境整体处于清洁状态,部分站位中的As和Cd属轻度污染。总体来说,研究海域沉积物环境属于低潜在生态风险(综合潜在生态风险系数RI<150)。单项因子潜在生态风险由高到低为Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn,研究海域西部表层沉积物重金属Cd的潜在生态风险系数均值达到中等潜在生态风险水平。Cr、Cu和Zn元素具有相近来源,主要为工业产生的陆源污染物;Pb、As和Cd元素来源相似,来源于陆源工业和农业污染经大气沉降及海上交通污染;而Hg与其他重金属元素无明显相关。The concentrations of heavy metal elements(Hg,As,Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn and Cr)in the surface sediments were investigated on the continental shelf off the Pearl River Estuary in November 2017.Based on the field data,the sediment environment was evaluated using single factor standard index and Geo-accumulation index.Further,quantitative assessment on the potential ecological risk of these heavy metals was performed using the Häkanson index.The dominant sources were also determined with Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results demonstrated that 7 heavy metals in all samples met the national first-class standard of marine sediment quality.Overall,the environment of surface sediments was generally clean but slightly polluted by As(5.8%stations)and Cd(17.3%stations)according to the geo-accumulation index.Relatively low potential ecological risk was observed in the study area with RI value lower than 150.The potential ecological risk measured by single factor ranking from high to low was Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn.The potential ecological risk for Cd was medium(41.31)in the western areas.We also found that sources of Cr,Cu and Zn were similar and potentially from industrial and terrestrial pollutants.Pb,As and Cd were derived from pollutants from inland,marine transportation and agriculture.However,the sources of Hg showed little relationship with other heavy metals.

关 键 词：海洋化学 沉积物 重金属 生态风险 主成分分析 珠江口 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]