中国入境过夜游客目的地选择时空分异与城市类型识别  

Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Destination Choice and Urban Type Identification of Chinese Inbound Overnight Tourists

作　　者：刘军胜 马耀峰 刘焱序 LIU Junsheng;MA Yaofeng;LIU Yanxu(School of Economic&Management,Northwestern University,Xi'an 710127,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127 [2]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西西安710119 [3]北京师范大学地理科学学部地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2021年第7期104-118,共15页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目“丝绸之路经济带省域旅游供给要素结构耦合与优化路径研究”(20YJC790077);陕西省社会科学基金项目“陕西省旅游产业-城镇化-生态环境耦合发展与对策研究”(2018S11);陕西省软科学研究计划项目“陕西省旅游产业-城镇化-生态环境耦合发展模式与路径研究”(2019KRM105);陕西省教育厅人文社科项目“中国入境过夜游客目的地城市选择格局、类型与振兴策略研究”(20JK0383)共同资助。

摘　　要：探讨主要入境客源市场目的地城市选择偏好的时空分异特征与规律,并识别出各客源市场选择偏好下不同类型的目的地城市,对促进城市展开精准营销以实现入境旅游的振兴具有重要参考价值。该研究依据生态优势度与亲景度理论,基于我国60座旅游城市13大客源国1991—2017年入境过夜游客数据,采用优势度与亲景度改进模型,分析了目的地城市入境过夜客源市场的优势度与亲景度时空格局,识别了入境过夜客源市场选择偏好下不同发展类型的目的地城市。结果发现:(1)目的地城市接待入境过夜游客的优势度整体保持上升的演变趋势,但增速明显下降,优势度较高与较低的客源国主要集中在亚洲地区。承接入境过夜游客高优势度城市的数量整体上呈现出东中西逐步递减的空间格局特征。(2)韩国、法国与德国是亲景度上升的强亲景客源国,新加坡则是下降的强亲景客源国,入境过夜游客在我国维持高亲景度城市的数量整体上呈现由东向西逐步减少的空间分布特征。(3)高优势度-高亲景度、高优势度-低亲景度类型的城市较少,低优势度-高亲景度、低优势度-低亲景度类型的城市较多。低优势度-高亲景度城市是未来重点开发与振兴的对象。研究内容拓展了生态优势度与亲景度理论在旅游市场研究中的应用深度,为目的地城市依据需求偏好进行旅游产品开发与产业布局,以及疫后入境旅游市场的恢复与振兴提供了实践参考。This research examined the spatial and temporal pattern characteristics and factors affecting destination preferences in inbound tourism markets. It identified and classified different types of international destination cities with respect to selection preferences for various tourist markets: it aimed to provide an important reference for promoting locations, thereby facilitating appropriate marketing toward revitalizing inbound tourism. The present study applied the theory of ecological dominance and preference;it employed statistical data for overnight tourists from 13 major tourist source countries who stayed at 60 tourist cities from 1991 to 2017. This investigation applied an improved model of dominance and preference and a dominance-preference matrix to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of dominance and preference related to the overnight tourist market in the 60 cities;it categorized the cities into different types based on the demand for overnight tourist stays.The following results were obtained.(1) The numbers of overnight inbound tourists in the 60 cities generally maintained an upward trend;however, there was a clear decrease in the growth rate. The source countries with higher and lower advantages were mainly located in Asia. In China, the number of cities with large numbers of overnight visitors generally showed a gradual decrease from east to west.(2) South Korea, France, and Germany were strong pro-scenery source countries and displayed rising pro-scenery;Singapore was a strong pro-scenery source country, but it showed declining pro-scenery.In China, the number of inbound overnight tourists in cities with high pro-scenery presented a gradual decrease from east to west.(3) There were fewer cities with high dominance-high preference and high dominance-low preference;there were more cities with low dominance-high preference and low dominance-low preference. Cities with low dominance-high preference were the targets for future development and revitalization.The novel aspects of the present inv

关 键 词：旅游城市 入境过夜游客 优势度模型 亲景度改进模型 时空格局 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]