纳米修复剂钝化重金属机理研究进展  

Research progress in the mechanism of immobilization of heavy metals by nano-remediation agents

作　　者：鲁文超 王志博 步延鹏 梁静 韩露 邓凯丽 薛园园 李露露 彭李超[1] 邹雪艳[1,4] LU Wenchao;WANG Zhibo;BU Yanpeng;LIANG Jing;HAN Lu;DENG Kaili;XUE Yuanyuan;LI Lulu;PENG Lichao;ZOU Xueyan(Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China;College of Pharmacy,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China;State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学纳米材料工程研究中心,河南开封475004 [2]河南大学化学化工学院,河南开封475004 [3]河南大学药学院,河南开封475004 [4]河南大学棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南开封475004

出　　处：《化学研究》2021年第4期334-347,共14页Chemical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21571051);河南省重大科技专项(181100310600);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A150012);河南大学2020年度大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2020101511,2020102008,2020101503,2020101505);河南大学民生学院大学生创新性实验实践项目(MSCXSY2019007,MSCXSY2019016)。

摘　　要：重金属污染问题是当前环境治理过程中的重点和难点,纳米材料因其比表面积大、表面易功能化、环境友好等性能,被广泛应用于重金属污染的土壤和水体的修复。本文综述了纳米零价金属、纳米非金属单质、纳米金属氧化物、纳米非金属氧化物、纳米金属硫化物、纳米金属氧酸盐,纳米高分子材料等纳米材料对重金属的修复效果和机理,展望了纳米材料在重金属修复方面的应用前景及改进方向,对开发新型重金属修复材料具有重要指导意义。Heavy metal pollution is a difficult point in the process of environmental treatment.Nano-materials are widely used in the immobilization of heavy metal-contaminated soil and water due to their large specific surface area,surface functionalization and environmental friendliness.In this paper,the remediation mechanisms of these nanomaterials(nanometer zero-valent metals,non-metallic elemental,nanometer metal oxide,nonmetal oxide,nano metal sulfides,nano metal oxygen acid salt and nanometer polymer)are reviewed.Then the application prospect and improvement direction of nanomaterials in heavy metal remediation are forecasted,which has a remarkable guiding significance to the development of new heavy metal remediation agents.

关 键 词：纳米 修复剂 重金属 钝化 机理 

分 类 号：O613[理学—无机化学]