新加坡华语社区语言使用情况研究  

Research on the Language Usage in the Chinese-speaking Community in Singapore

作　　者：何洪霞 吴应辉 HE Hong-xia;WU Ying-hui(School of Humanities,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074;Research Institute of International Chinese Language Education,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学人文学院,重庆400074 [2]北京语言大学汉语国际教育研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2021年第3期154-160,共7页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：国家社科一般项目“华人移民对东南亚汉语传播影响的国别比较研究”(项目编号:17BYY112);重庆市社会科学规划项目“新加坡华语继承语与华人身份认同研究”(项目编号:2019BS024);重庆市语委一般项目“华文教育视域下语言使用与身份认同互动关系研究”(项目编号:yyk20310)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：对新加坡华语社区语言使用状况进行量化比较和质性分析,发现华语社区成员语言使用以华语为主、英语为辅;华语传承退化,语言使用内外有别;语言水平表现为华语好于英语;华语听、说、读、写四项技能发展不平衡;社区成员家庭语言规划具有"双语导向+坚守母语"的特征。此外,华语社区内部可分为传统华校生和新移民两类群体,二者存在明显差异:传统华校生偏好使用汉语方言;新移民的华语水平和英语水平均高于传统华校生。研究发现语言技能本身差异、个人评估倾向和家庭语言规划等是造成新加坡华语社区语言使用情况呈现多元复杂特征的主要原因。最后,针对新加坡华语社区母语保持所面临的问题,可以从拓展华语功能、提高中小学各阶段华语成绩权重等方面入手,切实提高华语地位及声望,促进华语传承和发展。This paper adopted quantitative and qualitative methods to study language use in Chinesespeaking community in Singapore. The findings showed the following characteristics in terms of language use,language proficiency,and language inheritance: use of Chinese is the main language of the community,while supplemented by English;Chinese inheritance weakened and language use is different inside and outside the community;Chinese is better than English among community members;the development of four aspects of Chinese listening,speaking,reading and writing skills are unbalanced;the Chinese-speaking community members practice bilingualism and insist on the use of mother tongue. In addition, there are obvious differences between the Chinese-speaking community,the Chinese-educated students and new immigrants;the Chinese-educated students prefer Chinese dialects;the new immigrants show higher level of English and Mandarin. The study found that differences in language skills,personal assessment tendency and family language planning are the main reasons for the multiple and complex characteristics of language use in Singapore’s Chinese-speaking community. Finally,addressing the problems faced by the Chinese language community in Singapore,we can improve the status and reputation of the Chinese language and promote the inheritance and development of the Chinese language from the aspects of expanding the Chinese language function and enhancing the Chinese language achievements in all stages of primary and secondary schools.

关 键 词：新加坡 华语社区 语言使用 语言规划 华语保持 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]