“以地自我养老”与“代际关系维护”——生命历程视角下农村老年人的养老策略分析  

“Land Self-Endowment” and “Maintenance of Intergenerational Relations”:The Analysis of Rural Elderly’s Endowment Strategy on the Perspective of Life Course

作　　者：杨轶华[1] 王昆 YANG Yi-hua;WANG Kun

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院,长春130012

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2021年第4期45-54,235,共11页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：抚松长白山资源与健康研究院合作项目(370196341401)。

摘　　要：生产方式决定生产关系。传统农业社会在发展过程中自发形成了基于土地的养老制约和规范,它规定了个体要遵循社会所规范的生命历程。然而,土地制度变迁使业已形成的土地养老规范受到冲击。与此同时,作为新制度化手段的社会养老尚不足以确保生命历程中角色的相互转换,致使土地养老与社会养老制度衔接出现裂隙。农村老年人在土地制度变迁的过程中,主动采取"以地自我养老"+"代际关系维护"的养老策略。从生命历程理论的视角来看,旧的制度是为了满足特定时期社会生产的需要,当社会经济条件变化导致土地养老不能满足需要时,生命历程制度也需要做出适应性的调整,因而运用退休制度来衔接土地养老与社会养老显得必不可少。这是生产方式的变革及其所带来的社会结构转变的要求所导致的。The mode of production determines the productive relations. In the traditional agricultural society,the restriction and norm of endowment are based on the land. However,the change of land institution has impacted the norm of land endowment. At the same time,social pension as a new institutionalize means is not enough to ensure the transformation of roles in the course of life,resulting in a fracture between the land endowment and social pension institution. Therefore,in the process of the land institutional change,the rural elders take the initiative to adopt the endowment strategy of"land self-endowment" + "maintenance of intergenerational relations". From the perspective of life-course theory,the old life course was to meet the needs of a specified period of social production,and when the social and economic conditions changed,the land endowment can not meet the demand of the elders,the life-course institution has to make a adaptive adjustment,then it is essential to use the retirement institution to join the land endowment and the social pension,it is demanded by changing production mode that made a transformation of the social structure.

关 键 词：养老策略 农民退休 以地养老 自我养老 生命历程 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济]