蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸对丝尾鳠生长性能、蛋氨酸代谢和蛋白质代谢的影响  

Effects of Dietary Methionine and Cystine on Growth Performance,Methionine Metabolism and Protein Metabolism of Asian Red-tailed Catfish(Hemibagrus Wyckioides)

作　　者：张新党[1] 李光彬 王秋梅 孙彦 黄汉 苏林海 李必为 邓君明[1] Zhang Xindang;Li Guangbin;Wang Qiumei;Sun Yan;Huang Han;Su Linhai;Li Biwei;Deng Junming(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第20期136-143,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究重点项目“非淀粉多糖对虹鳟肠道黏膜屏障功能的影响及其作用机制研究”(2018FA018);国家自然科学基金项目“阿拉伯木聚糖对不同食性鱼类肠道黏膜屏障功能的影响及其差异机制研究”(31760761);通威股份有限公司横向项目“印度菜粕在淡水鱼类饲料中的应用效果评价”(TA2019A003)。

摘　　要：本项目组前期试验表明,基础饲料[0.5%蛋氨酸(Met)]添加0~1.5%Met对丝尾鳠生长和生理生化指标无影响,这与传统营养学相悖。本试验在基础饲料中添加晶体氨基酸,配制四种饲料[对照组(Con)、缺蛋氨酸组(-Met)、缺半胱氨酸组(-Cys)、缺Met+Cys组-(Met+Cys)],确定Met是否为其必需氨基酸。试验表明:Con和-Cys增重率、摄食率和蛋白质效率均显著高于-Met和-(Met+Cys);反之,其饲料系数显著低于-Met和-(Met+Cys)。-Met和-(Met+Cys)肝脏脂肪酶活性显著低于Con;-Cys二糖酶活性显著高于Con。Con肝脏AMPD活性显著低于-(Met+Cys);反之,-(Met+Cys)组ALT活性显著高于其他组;-Met组MAT、CBS活性显著高于其他组;-(Met+Cys)组BHMT活性显著高于Con和-Cys。综上,缺蛋氨酸显著降低丝尾鳠生长,对蛋白质代谢和抗氧化功能也有负面影响。因此,蛋氨酸是丝尾鳠的必需氨基酸。Previous experimental results showed that adding 0~1.5%methionine in the basic diet(0.5%methionine)had no significant effect on growth and biochemical indexes of Asian red-tailed catfish(Hemibagrus wyckioides),which is contrary to the traditional animal nutrition theory.Four experimental diets were formulated by adding crystal amino acid in the basic diet,including control diet(Con),methionine deficiency diet(-Met),cysteine deficiency diet(-Cys)and methionine and cysteine deficiency diet(-(Met+Cys)),and thereby to determine whether methionine is the essential amino acid for Hemibagrus wyckioides.The results showed that:The weight gain,feed intake and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed Con and-Cys diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed-Met and-(Met+Cys)diets.Conversely,the feed conversion rate was lower in fish fed Con and-Cys diets compared to fish fed-Met and-(Met+Cys)diets.The hepatic lipase activity of fish fed-Met and-(Met+Cys)diets was significantly lower than that of fish fed the Con diet.The disaccharidase activity was significantly higher in fish fed-Cys diet compared to that in fish fed Con diet.The hepatic AMPD activity of fish fed Con diet was significantly lower than that of fish fed-(Met+Cys)diet.Conversely,the alanine aminotransferase activity of fish fed-(Met+Cys)diet was significantly higher than that of other fish fed diets.The MAT and CBS activities of fish fed-Met diet were significantly higher than those of other fish fed diets.The BHMT activity of fish fed-(Met+Cys)diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed Con and-Cys diets.These results indicate that the lack of methionine could decrease the growth,protein metabolism and antioxidant capacity of Hemibagrus wyckioides.Therefore,methionine is the essential amino acid for Hemibagrus wyckioides.

关 键 词：丝尾鳠 蛋氨酸 半胱氨酸 生长性能 蛋氨酸代谢 蛋白质代谢 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]