施用2种牛粪发酵肥对甜高粱生长量的影响  

Effect of Two Organic Fertilizers of Cattle Manure on Growth Rate of Sweet Sorghum

作　　者：刘淑娟[1] 刘虎俊[1] 刘光武[1] 李银科[1] 万翔[1] 张芝萍[1] 刘开琳[1] 李菁菁[1] Liu Shujuan;Liu Hujun;Liu Guangwu;Li Yinke;Wan Xiang;Zhang Zhiping;Liu Kailin;Li Jingjing(Gansu Desert Control Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所/甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室省部共建培育基地,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第19期22-26,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“种植业-养殖业-体化的循环农业模式研发”(2017YFC0504305)。

摘　　要：为探讨牛粪沼液和堆肥对饲用甜高粱(Sorghum bicolor)生长量等指标影响程度,确定种植甜高粱的适宜肥料,通过大区对比试验,观测分析施用牛粪沼液和堆肥的甜高粱株高、茎粗和叶宽的生长率。结果表明,施用牛粪堆肥和沼液的甜高粱株高生长率约为不施肥处理的1.12倍和1.02倍,施牛粪堆肥的甜高粱株高的平均生长率是施用沼液的1.09倍,施沼液的甜高粱株高高度有2个时期大于施用牛粪堆肥的,但是施用牛粪堆肥的甜高粱总株高较大。施用沼液的甜高粱茎粗生长率是对照的2.8倍,是牛粪堆肥的1.87倍。施牛粪堆肥的平均叶宽生长率是沼液的1.09倍,且生长持续时间较长。牛粪堆肥的腐殖酸和全氮量较大,增加了甜高粱株高及叶生长率,适宜做基肥;沼液速效钾、硝态氮和铵态氮的量较大,增加了甜高粱茎粗生长率,能短期促进生长,既可做基肥也可做追肥施用。The study aims to investigate the effect of cattle manure biogas slurry and compost on the growth of forage sweet sorghum(Sorghum bicolor), and determine the suitable fertilizer for planting sweet sorghum. The growth rate of plant height, stem diameter and leaf width of sweet sorghum which was treated with cattle manure biogas slurry and compost were observed and analyzed. The results showed that the height growth rate of sweet sorghum treated with cattle manure compost and biogas slurry was 1.12 and 1.02 times that of no fertilizer treatment. The average growth rate of sweet sorghum with treatment of cattle manure compost was 1.09 times that of biogas slurry. The height growth of sweet sorghum with treatment of biogas slurry was higher than that with cattle manure compost in two periods, but the total height growth of sweet sorghum with cattle manure compost was larger. The stem diameter growth rate of sweet sorghum with treatment of biogas slurry was 2.8 times that of no fertilizer treatment and 1.87 times that of cattle manure compost. The average leaf width growth rate with treatment of cattle manure compost was 1.09 times that of biogas slurry, and the growth duration was longer. The amount of humic acid and total nitrogen in cattle manure compost is large, which could increase plant height and leaf growth rate of sweet sorghum, so it is suitable to be used as base fertilizer. Biogas slurry has a large amount of available potassium, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, which can increase the stem diameter growth rate of sweet sorghum and promote the growth in a short time, and be used as base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer.

关 键 词：甜高粱 牛粪堆肥 沼液 株高 茎粗 叶宽 生长率 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学] S514[农业科学—农业基础科学]