北京、河北、山东黄瓜穴盘商品苗壮苗指数及霜霉病快速抽样检测研究  

Rapid Sampling Inspection of Seedling Index and Downy Mildew of Cucumber Plug Seedlings Produced in Beijing, Hebei and Shandong

作　　者：赵立群[1] 田雅楠[1] 曹玲玲[1] 曹彩红 Zhao Liqun;Tian Yanan;Cao Lingling;Cao Caihong(Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]北京市农业技术推广站,北京100029

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第19期47-51,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：北京市农业局科技项目“六种主要蔬菜标准化育苗技术集成与应用”(PXM2018036204000048)。

摘　　要：研究旨在探索黄瓜集约化穴盘商品成苗质量快速检测方法,为商品苗成苗形成定性标准及苗期病害的及早隔离防治提供参考。试验抽样采集70份北京、河北和山东地区集约化育苗场生产的黄瓜穴盘商品苗样品,对株高、茎粗、干/鲜质量和壮苗指数等生理指标进行系统检测,同时对严重影响黄瓜种苗生产交易的霜霉病带菌情况进行PCR检测。结果表明,北京地区采集的55株样品平均壮苗指数0.078,霜霉病检出率34.55%;河北地区采集的10份样品平均壮苗指数0.079,霜霉病检出率80.00%;山东地区采集的5份样品平均壮苗指数0.101,霜霉病检出率20.00%。另外,研究发现黄瓜商品苗根干重与壮苗指数相关性高达0.995且呈显著正相关,可以作为快速评价黄瓜穴盘商品苗形态生理质量的可靠依据;同时,PCR技术可以作为早期评价黄瓜穴盘商品苗健康质量的重要手段。本研究可为快速精准评价黄瓜种苗质量和进行质量控制提供科学依据,亦可为其他蔬菜种苗质量评价提供科学参考。The purpose of the research is to explore the rapid detection method of the quality of cucumber intensive plug commercial seedlings, and provide references for the formation of qualitative standards for commercial seedlings of cucumber and the early isolation and prevention of diseases in its seedling stage. A total of 70 commercial cucumber plug seedlings produced in intensive nursery farms in Beijing, Hebei and Shandong were sampled for systematic detection of physiological indexes such as plant height, stem diameter,dry/fresh weight and seedling index. At the same time, PCR detection was carried out for downy mildew, which seriously affected the production and trading of cucumber seedlings. The results showed that the average seedling index of 55 samples collected in Beijing was 0.078, and the detection rate of downy mildew was34.55%;the average seedling index of 10 samples collected in Hebei was 0.079, and the detection rate of downy mildew was 80.00%;the average seedling index of 5 samples collected in Shandong was 0.101, and the detection rate of downy mildew was 20.00%. In addition, it was found that the correlation between root dry weight and the seedling index of cucumber commercial seedlings was as high as 0.995 and showed a significantly positive correlation, which could be used as a reliable basis for rapid evaluating the morphological and physiological quality of commercial cucumber seedlings. Meanwhile, PCR technology could be used as an important means for early evaluation of the health quality of commercial seedlings. This study can provide a scientific basis for rapid and accurate evaluation of cucumber seedling quality and quality control, as well as for the quality evaluation of other vegetable seedlings.

关 键 词：集约化育苗 黄瓜 质量评价 壮苗指数 霜霉病 

分 类 号：S604.3[农业科学—园艺学]