聚偏氟乙烯/纤维复合材料的介电性能研究  

Dielectric property of polyvinylidene fluoride/fiber composites

作　　者：高亮[1] 张佳琦 林秀影 GAO Liang;ZHANG Jiaqi;LIN Xiuying(School of Electrical Engineering,Suihua University,Suihua 152061,China;School of Marxism,Suihua University,Suihua 152061,China)

机构地区：[1]绥化学院电气工程学院,黑龙江绥化152061 [2]绥化学院马克思主义学院,黑龙江绥化152061

出　　处：《兵器材料科学与工程》2021年第4期102-106,共5页Ordnance Material Science and Engineering

基　　金：绥化学院2020年科研启动基金(SQ20001);2020年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010236013)。

摘　　要：通过静电纺丝技术制备钛酸铜钙纳米纤维,用化学镀在纤维表面镀镍,获得钛酸铜钙(镍)复合纤维(CCTO(Ni)),以此为填充相,制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)基复合材料。用X射线衍射、红外光谱和扫描电镜表征显微组织,用宽频介电频谱分析仪测试介电特性参数,研究填充相浓度和磁场处理条件对PVDF基复合材料微观结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明:CCTO纳米纤维表面较均匀附着了纳米镍颗粒,与PVDF聚合物形成两相复合结构。纳米复合纤维的引入能促进β晶相PVDF的形成或转化,且在聚合物中呈"搭接"形貌分布;磁场处理温度、强度和时间增强,能促进PVDF基复合材料介电性能提升;在150℃、1.0 T和30 min的磁场时,20%填充量的PVDF基复合材料介电常数高达44.6,较纯PVDF提高约4倍,且介质损耗保持0.22的较低水平。The copper calcium titanate nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technology,and the surface of the fibers was electrolessly plated with nickel by the electroless plating process to obtain the copper calcium titanate(nickel)composite fiber(CCTO(Ni)),which was used as the filling phase to prepare the polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)based composite materials.The X-ray diffraction,infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize microstructure,and a broadband dielectric spectrum analyzer was used to test dielectric characteristic parameters. The effect of filling phase concentration and magnetic field treatment conditions on the microstructure and dielectric properties of PVDF-based composites was studied. The results show that the surface of CCTO nanofibers is more uniformly attached with nano-nickel particles,forming a two-phase composite structure with the PVDF polymer. The introduction of nanocomposite fibers can promote the formation or transformation of β-PVDF crystalline,and present a "lapped" morphology distribution in the polymer. The enhancement of the temperature,intensity and time of the magnetic field treatment can promote the improvement of the dielectric properties of PVDF-based composites. Under the magnetic field treatment of 150 ℃,1.0 T and 30 min,the dielectric constant of the PVDF-based composite material with 20% filling concentration is as high as 44.6,which is nearly 4 times higher than that of pure PVDF,and the dielectric loss remains a low level of 0.22.

关 键 词：磁场处理 纤维 复合材料 介电性能 微观结构 

分 类 号：TM21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]