2017—2020年河北省甲型H1N1流感流行特征分析  

Epidemiological analysis of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Hebei province from 2017 to 2020

作　　者：韩光跃[1] 李岩[1] 姜彩肖[1] 杨语嫣 刘艳芳[1] 刘兰芬[1] 齐顺祥[1] Han Guangyue;Li Yan;Jiang Caixiao;Yang Yuyan;Liu Yanfang;Liu Lanfen;Qi Shunxiang(Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2021年第3期272-275,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

摘　　要：目的了解河北省2017—2020年流行期甲型H1N1流感的流行病学特征及血凝素(haemagglutinin,HA)基因变异进化情况,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法从中国流感监测信息系统下载河北省2017年4月至2020年3月流感监测数据进行统计分析,选择期间分离的37株甲型H1N1流感毒株,对HA基因进行测序和进化分析。结果河北省2017—2020年共检测流感样病例(influenza like illness,ILI)咽拭子标本57670份,流感病毒核酸阳性8569份,阳性率为14.86%,其中甲型H1N1占总阳性的比例为40.52%(3472/8569)。全省11个地市均有该病例检出,各年龄组均可发病,检出率最高的是25~岁组,冬春季为流行高峰。37株甲型H1N1流感病毒的HA基因均属于6B.1大分支,氨基酸同源性在97.31%~100.00%之间,2017—2018年流行期涉及的主要氨基酸变异位点有S74R、S164T、S183P和I295V;2018—2019年流感毒株主要氨基酸变异位点为S183P、H126Y、N129D、T185I、L233I、N260D;2019—2020年流行株出现D187A和Q189E变异。结论河北省甲型N1N1流感流行具有明显的季节性,HA基因与其编码的氨基酸逐年变异,2019—2020年流行期甲型H1N1流感流行株与2020—2021年北半球疫苗株A/Guangdong-Maonan/SWL1536/2019高度同源。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and hemagglutinin(HA)gene mutations in Hebei province from 2017 to 2020,in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza.Methods The analysis was conducted on the data of Hebei province,which was down loaded from the Chinese National Influenza Surveillance Network from April 2017 to March 2020,and 37 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strains were selected for sequencing and evolutionary analysis of HA gene.Results A total of 57670 throat swabs from influenza like illness(ILI)patients in Hebei province were detected,and 8569 samples were positive for the viral nucleic acid,with the positive rate of 14.86%,influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 accounted for 40.52%(3472/8569).The cases were detected throughout the whole 11 regions of Hebei province.All age groups were infected by influenza A(H1N1)virus,and the highest detection rate was in the 25-year age group,the peak detection rate was in winter and spring seasons.The HA genes of 37 strains of influenza A(H1N1)virus belong to 6B.1 branch,and the amino acid homology is from 97.31%to 100.00%.S74R,S164T,S183P and I295V were the major amino acid variation sites in 2017-2018 influenza season.S183P,H126Y,N129D,T185I,L233I and N260D were the major amino acid variation sites of epidemic strains in 2018-2019 influenza season.The variation sites of D187A and Q189E of epidemic strains were found in 2019-2020 influenza season.Conclusions The prevalence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Hebei province has an obvious seasonality.The HA gene and its encoded amino acid have been mutating gradually.The strains which were isolated recently were clustered with the 2020-2021 season northern hemisphere vaccine strain A/Guangdong-Maonan/SWL1536/2019.

关 键 词：甲型H1N1流感病毒 流行特征 血凝素基因 进化分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]