月地高速再入返回器化学非平衡气动影响预测与飞行验证  

Prediction and flight verification of chemical non-equilibrium aerodynamic characteristics of the high-speed circumlunar return and reentry capsule

作　　者：李齐[1] 魏昊功 李志辉[2] 陈刚 彭兢[1] 杨孟飞[3] LI Qi;WEI HaoGong;LI ZhiHui;CHEN Gang;PENG Jing;YANG MengFei(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速所,绵阳621000 [3]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2021年第7期813-827,共15页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2014CB744100);国家自然科学基金(批准号:91530319,11902025)资助项目。

摘　　要：月地高速再入返回器以近11 km/s的速度跳跃式再入地球大气层,相较近地轨道再入飞行器,绕流场化学非平衡效应更加复杂、对返回器气动力影响更为显著.本文分别采用7组分以上的化学非平衡模型分析了化学非平衡效应对返回器60~80 km气动力特性的影响机制与规律,探讨了适于月地高速再入返回器中高空气动特性预测的数值方法与边界条件.最后,利用月地高速再入飞行气动辨识数据与本文建立的化学非平衡模拟算法的计算数据进行对比,确认配平攻角的预测误差不超过0.7°,配平升阻比预测精度优于2.5%,证明本文所建立的方法对于月地高速再入返回器的中高空气动特性预测是有效与高精度的.The high-speed circumlunar return and reentry capsule has a reentry velocity of close to 11 km/s,and it uses a skip reentry trajectory in the Earth’s atmosphere.Therefore,the chemical non-equilibrium effect of the flow field around the capsule during its reentry is more serious and complex than is that of LEO capsules.This paper uses chemical non-equilibrium models with more than seven components to calculate and analyze the mechanism and rule of chemical non-equilibrium effects on the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-speed reentry capsule at the altitude of 60–80 km.The numerical method and boundary conditions for solving the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-speed circumlunar return and reentry capsule at mid-high altitude are then discussed.Finally,the aerodynamic parameters obtained from the circumlunar reentry flight are compared with the calculated data of the chemical nonequilibrium method established by the author,confirming that the prediction error of the trim angle of attack is less than 0.7°,and the prediction accuracy of the trim lift-drag ratio is better than 2.5%.The method established in this paper is proven to be both effective and accurate in predicting the mid-high altitude aerodynamic characteristics of the high-speed circumlunar return and reentry capsule.

关 键 词：月地高速再入返回器 化学非平衡 气动力特性 飞行辨识 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] V448.2