论魏晋南北朝志怪小说中梦境类型的衍变  

On the Evolution of Dream Types in Zhiguai Fictions in Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

作　　者：王建成 WANG Jian-cheng(College of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University,200434 Shanghai)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200434

出　　处：《集宁师范学院学报》2021年第3期45-50,共6页Journal of Jining Normal University

摘　　要：梦境叙事在魏晋南北朝志怪小说中十分醒目,同时也是中国梦文化的重要部分。在魏晋南北朝志怪小说漫长的发展过程中,梦境类型体现着叙述者对梦境不同功用的择取,从政教思想的载体发展到文本叙述的要素再到未知虚幻意蕴的典范,呈现出从记述生活经验、帝王梦兆到预言休咎、有意识地想象虚构再到与仙境等虚境交叉融合的演进轨迹,具有载体梦境、结构梦境和变型梦境三种样式。梦境类型的衍变标志着志怪小说宣扬法旨和自神其教色彩的减弱,在相当程度上冲淡了“发明神道之不诬”这一题旨所带来的负面影响。唐传奇不仅在内容上继承了魏晋南北朝志怪小说,在情调与意境上也从中汲取了相当的艺术经验。Dream narration is a remarkable element in the Zhiguai fictions of Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties,and an important part of Chinese dream culture.In the long development process of Zhiguai fictions in Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties,the dream types reflected the narrator's choice of different functions of dreams.The dream types were firstly the carriers of political and religious thoughts,then developed to the element of text narration,and then to paradigm of unknown and unreal connotation,and were used to record life experience and emperors’dream omen,then to prophesy,good or ill luck and consciously imagined fictions,and to fusion with virtual realms like the fairyland.There are three types of dream,i.e.carrier dream,structure dream and variant dream.The evolution of dream types marks the weakening of the propaganda of God’s will and genuineness of religions in Zhiguai fictions,which dilutes the negative influence brought by the theme of"proving that ghosts and gods are real things"to a certain extent.Tang legend not only inherits the strange novels in Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties in content,but also draws considerable artistic experience from it in mood and artistic conception.

关 键 词：魏晋南北朝 志怪小说 梦境类型 衍变 

分 类 号：I207.41[文学—中国文学]