国外大石油公司碳中和战略路径与行动方案  

Strategic path to carbon neutrality and action plan of large foreign oil companies

作　　者：司进 张运东[1] 刘朝辉[1] 刘冰 SI Jin;ZHANG Yundong;LIU Zhaohui;LIU Bing(CNPC Economics and Technology Research Institute;China Rongtong Resources Development Group Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团经济技术研究院 [2]中国融通资源开发集团有限公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2021年第7期28-35,共8页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：壳牌、bp、道达尔、埃尼、艾奎诺(Equinor)、雷普索尔是6家在碳中和战略布局方面处于全球领先地位的石油公司.这6家公司都提出了分阶段实现净零碳排放的战略路径,建立了碳排放指标体系,以及在战略路径指引下应对气候变化、实现碳中和目标的行动方案.这些行动方案主要集中于改进工艺和产品,减油增气和发展新能源业务,碳捕集、利用和封存以及碳汇,管理机制创新,绿色金融5个方面,且取得了较好的实施效果.对中国石油公司的启示:一是明确关键指标的量化目标,提出分领域、分业务、可操作的具体行动方案;二是建立碳中和与经济效益挂钩机制,提高企业和员工的减排积极性;三是健全治理结构,确保碳中和战略的落地.Such six companies as Shell,bp,Total,Eni,Equinor,and Repsol are globally-leading oil ones in the strategic layout of carbon neutrality.They have put forward the strategic path to achieve zero carbon emission in stages,established the carbon emission index system,and prepared the action plan to deal with climate change and achieve carbon neutrality under the strategic path.There are mainly five types of action plans,namely improvement of processes and products,adjustment of oil and gas business and development of new energy business,carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)&carbon sink,innovation of management mechanism,and green finance,which have achieved good effects.The enlightenments for China's oil companies are as follows.Firstly,the quantitative objectives of key indicators should be defined,and specific practical action plans should be put forward by aspects and businesses.Secondly,the mechanism linking carbon neutralization with economic benefits should be established to improve the enthusiasm of enterprises and employees for emission reduction.Thirdly,the governance structure should be bettered to ensure the implementation of carbon neutrality strategy.

关 键 词：国外石油公司 碳中和 温室气体排放 二氧化碳减排 战略路径 指标体系 行动方案 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F416.22[经济管理—产业经济] F272F426.22